西昌市产业活动的生态补偿及其生态系统安全评估  

Appraisal of ecological compensation and ecosystem security in Xichang

作　　者：方一平[1] 陈国阶[1] 苏春江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2003年第6期537-543,共7页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：国家科技部科技攻关项目资助(2001BA901A40)

摘　　要：产业活动造成的生态损失和生态系统安全与可持续发展紧密相连,研究的目的在于了解区域生存和发展的持续能力和生态服务功能。文中利用生态服务价值评估、生态占用分析方法,对西昌市整个生态系统产业活动的生态补偿和生态系统安全进行评估,得出西昌市产业经济活动造成的生态环境损失约占全市生态系统服务总值的18%;目前人均生态赤字0 6hm2的结论。并进行了生态占用的敏感性分析,表明能源资源消耗降低10%,人均生态赤字降低5 32%;产量因子提高10%,人均生态赤字降低14 01%;能源消耗减低10%,同时产量因子提高10%,人均生态空间赤字降低19 33%。指出能源循环利用、资源节约、技术革新和单位面积资源增值等为主要特征的生态产业发展对生态系统保育的意义和效应。Ecological compensation of industrial activity and ecosystem security are closely associated with sustainable development, the goal of ecological compensation and ecosystem security research lies in comprehending the ability of regional sustainable development and the function of ecosystem service. An attempt is made to assess the sustainability of ecosystem to various aspects of environmental degradation during the next few decades. Ecological compensation and ecological appropriation as a tool for ecosystem security and sustainability is widely used. In this paper, ecological compensation and carrying capacity of ecosystem in Xichang, Sichuan, China were analyzed based on theory of ecosystem service and ecological Appropriation. Analysis illustrates that the value of ecological compensation due to industrial impact is 18% of the total GDP, the carrying capacity of ecological footprint only 0.8hm^2, there is ecological deficit per capita 0.6hm^2, the security of ecosystem is threatened due to resource exploitation dependence on local resource absolutely in Xichang; sensitive analysis shows that the ecological footprint per capita will decrease 2.21%, ecological deficit per capita decrease 5.32%, while energy consumption decrease 10%; bio-carrying capacity per capita will increase 9.92%, ecological deficit per capita will decrease 14.01%, while agricultural output increase 10%; in this context, the goal of enhancing ecosystem health and stability through eco-industry development forms effective and important measure, and most importantly, creating an enabling institutional environment. Development of eco-industry is an essential tool for decreasing ecological deficit from the local level to regional level.

关 键 词：生态服务 生态补偿 生态盈亏 生态占用 生态系统安全 敏感性分析 西昌 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]