近数十年来东平水道河床演变特征  

HYDRAULIC GEOMETRY FEATURES AND CHANNEL EVOLUTION OF THE DONGPING WATERWAY IN LAST DECADES

作　　者：雷亚平[1] 杨清书[1] 欧素英[1] 胡学[1] 罗章仁[1] 杨干然[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学河口海岸研究所,广东广州510275

出　　处：《热带地理》2003年第4期309-313,共5页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40176026);国家重点基础研究项目(子课题)资助项目(2002CB412407)

摘　　要：东平水道受径、潮动力相互作用,水流、泥沙和河床演变具有独特的时空变化特征。20世纪80年代以前处于缓慢的自然淤浅过程,由于航道整治工程调整作用和疏浚维护等因素的影响,80年代中后期由淤积转变为冲刷状态,大规模的河床采沙是90年代以来河槽加剧加深增容的主导因素。近数十年来,虽然东平水道平滩水位下降,但是造床流量增加,潮汐动力相对增强,河床演变特征表现为宽深比下挫,滩槽高差提升,满槽容积增大,河槽向有利于水沙输送的窄深方向发展。The hydraulic geometry of the Dongping Waterway and its channel evolution process have distinguished features in different time span and different reaches controlled by both fluvial and tidal dynamics. It is proved that the nature process of the Dongping channel was accumulating and shoaling slowly before the 1980s. It was turned to be erosive state influenced by the adjustment function of dredging and regulation in the channel during 1984～1990. In the 1990s, the depth and volume of the river channel were greatly enlarged, and the dominated reason for this change was the effects of high intensity and density bed load being removed out of the riverbed. During last decades, although the channel-full water stage was decreased, the channel forming discharge was increased, tidal flow back-infill effect was relatively improved. The change of hydraulic geometry of the Dongping channel shows some marked trend as fallow: 1) the ratio between width and depth (B/H) is descending; 2) the height difference between floodplain and channel is increasing; 3) the channel-full volume is enlarging; and 4) the river channel turns to be deeper and narrower to improve runoff movement and sediment transport.

关 键 词：河床演变 东平水道 平滩水位 河床形态 满槽容积 

分 类 号：P931.1[天文地球—自然地理学]