预期焦虑对面孔表情加工的影响  

Anticipatory Anxiety Modulates the Processing of Facial Expressions

作　　者：廖冲 陆娟芝 古若雷[3] 徐鹏飞 罗跃嘉 崔芳 Liao Chong;Lu Juanzhi;Gu Ruolei;Xu Pengfei;Luo Yuejia;Cui Fang(College of Psychology and Sociology,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen,518060;Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen,518060;Institude of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100101)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学心理与社会学院,深圳518060 [2]深圳市情绪与社会认知科学重点实验室,深圳518060 [3]中国科学院心理研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《心理科学》2019年第2期258-264,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31500877)的资助

摘　　要：预期焦虑是由于对未发生结果的负性投射造成的焦虑情绪。本文比较了被试在不同预期焦虑水平下观看愉快、中性及恐惧面孔时的行为和脑电数据。发现在高预期焦虑水平下,恐惧面孔诱发的N170波幅显著大于低预期焦虑水平,而愉快和中性面孔在两种水平下诱发的N170波幅差异不显著,且预期焦虑水平对恐惧面孔诱发的N170波幅的调节强度与个体的特质焦虑得分显著相关。这些结果表明,预期焦虑水平会影响面孔表情加工,且不同情绪面孔受到的影响不同。我们推测,预期焦虑水平可能通过影响杏仁核等脑区的激活来调节颞上回对恐惧面孔的加工。The human brain responds before the application of aversive stimuli.Anticipation allows the organism to prepare its nociceptive system to respond adequately to the subsequent stimulus.The uncertainty of occurrence and intensity of an aversive event may lead to increased anticipatory anxiety,fear,physiological arousal and sensory perception.How does the anticipatory anxiety induced by the intensity of an uncertain aversive event influence the processing of social stimuli such as other’s facial expressions?The present study used a revised version of the'monetary wheel of fortune'game to induce different levels of anticipatory anxiety.Two kinds of bets were set:1 and 100,'1'meant that the participants would win/lose 1 point(equivalent to 0.1 Yuan);'100'meant that the participants would win/lose 100 points(equivalent to 10 Yuan).After the bet was chosen and before the outcome appeared,the participants were presented with pictures of facial expressions(including three kinds:happy,neutral and fearful).Participants were instructed to judge the valence of the expression by pressing buttons.The EEGs during participants’observation of different facial expression under different levels of anticipatory anxiety were recorded and compared.Since this was a novel paradigm,we ran a validation test with 20 participants who did not participate in the EEG studies.They were instructed to rate the anxiety level according to their current feelings after the fortune is done(1 or 100 was chosen)on a 9-point scale(from 1-not anxious at all to 9-extremely anxious).Results of the validation test indicated that 100 elicited a significantly higher level of anxiety than 1.Therefore,this novel paradigm could elicit a different level of anticipatory anxiety as we expected.On the behavioral level,we found that the participants showed a significant negative bias in which they tended to under-rate the pleasantness of neutral face under the high anticipatory anxiety conditions.On the ERP level,a significant interaction of anticipatory anxiety an

关 键 词：预期焦虑 恐惧面孔 事件相关电位 N170 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]