情境线索对社会认知内容推断的影响  

Context Cues Influenced the Inferences between Warmth and Competence of Social Cognition Contents

作　　者：代涛涛 佐斌[1] 温芳芳[1] Dai Taotao;Zuo Bin;Wen Fangfang(School of Psychology,Center for Studies of Social Psychology,Central China Normal University,Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior(CCNU),Ministry of Education,Wuhan,430079)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学心理学院暨社会心理研究中心青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《心理科学》2019年第3期612-618,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31571147,31400903);教育部哲学社科重大课题攻关项目(17JZD043);华中师范大学中央基本科研业务费重大培育项目(CCNU18ZDPY12,CCNU15Z02001)资助

摘　　要：本研究考察了情境线索对社会目标不同内容维度之间推断的影响。研究1发现,缺乏情境线索时,热情和能力两个基本维度相互呈现正向推断。研究2发现,当情境线索明确指向高能力时,高热情描述会导致低能力推断,同时引发消极的行为倾向。研究3进一步考察了热情两个子维度社交性和道德性之间的推断,结果发现描述社交性职业的社交性信息或者描述道德性职业的道德性信息时,对目标对象的整体评价和行为意愿都更积极。研究表明,情境的预期性线索为社会认知内容的推断提供了基本的认知框架,当信息呈现与情境预期相匹配时,更容易产生积极推断。Warmth and competence are two basic dimensions in social judgment.Warmth has traits related to perceived intention such as friendliness,helpfulness,sincerity,trustworthiness and morality,while competence has traits related to the ability to achieve the intention,such as intelligence,skill,creativity and efficacy.Recent studies suggested that warmth dimension could be divided into sociability and morality.Previous studies showed much evidence for both positive and negative inference between warmth and competence.Previous studies also indicated that context cues played important role in the social inference between warmth and competence.The present study tested how context cues influenced the references between different social cognition contents.Study 1 tested the positive inference between warmth and competence under conditions regardless of context.In Study 1,thirty-eight university student participants were assigned to a 2(description:warmth vs.competence)×2(valence:positive vs.negative)within-participant design.Participants needed to rate four types of targets,whom were described as either positive or negative on one dimension of warmth and competence.The results of Study 1 showed that the positive descriptions on one dimension would trigger positive inference on the other dimension,which suggested the positive inference between warmth and competence under the conditions without context cue.Study 2 furthermore explored the references between warmth and competence under two different context conditions.Forty participants were recruited on campus and assigned to a 2(context cue:point to high competence vs.do not point to high competence)×2(description:high warmth vs.high competence)within-participant design.The results showed that,when the context cue pointed to the high competence clearly,which suggested that this situation needed a target with high competence,the positive description on warmth elicited a negative inference on competence and negative behavioral reactions toward the target,whereas the positive

关 键 词：社会推断 情境线索 热情 能力 社会认知 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]