重组组织型纤溶酶原激活物溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察  

Study on effects of rtPA thrombolytic therapy for acute cerebral infarction

作　　者：陶庆玲[1] 赵晖[1] 许敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市长宁区中心医院神经内科,200336

出　　处：《临床神经病学杂志》2003年第6期336-338,共3页Journal of Clinical Neurology

摘　　要：目的　观察重组组织型纤溶酶原激活物 (rtPA)动脉或静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及安全性。方法　 6 0例符合入选标准的急性脑梗死患者分为动脉溶栓组、静脉溶栓组和对照组 ,各 2 0例。动脉溶栓组给予rtPA 10～ 2 0mg ,30分钟内恒速动脉注入 ;静脉溶栓组给予rtPA总量 0 7～ 0 8mg/kg,最大剂量 5 0mg。 90分钟内静脉滴入 ;两组次日均用低分子肝素 (速避凝 4 10 0U或法安明 5 0 0 0U) ,每 12小时腹部皮下注射 1次 ,连续 7天 ;对照组应用低分子右旋糖酐 5 0 0ml加复方丹参 16ml静滴 ,每日 1次 ,连用 8天。采用欧洲卒中量表 (ESS)、Barthel指数 (BI)评价神经功能恢复状况。结果　两溶栓组疗效明显优于对照组 (均P <0 0 5 ) ,动脉溶栓与静脉溶栓组之间的疗效无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,但动脉溶栓能发现颅内外血管是否存在狭窄 ,通过实施支架成形术消除狭窄 ,预防再次的血栓形成。动脉溶栓组脑实质性出血 1例 ,非症状性脑出血 1例 ;静脉溶栓组和对照组非症状性脑出血各 1例。 3组均无死亡病例。结论　rtPA用于急性脑梗死 (发病 6小时内 ) ,无论动脉还是静脉溶栓均有效 ,且比较安全。Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of intraarterial or intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(rtPA) for patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods 60 patients consistent with the inclusion criteria were divided into intra-arterial thrombolysis group, intravenous thrombolysis group and control group. rtPA of 10～20 mg was infused over the course of 30 minutes in intra-arterial thrombolysis group. rtPA was administered in a dose of 0.7～0.8 mg/kg(maximum dose 50 mg),with 100% as a constant infusion over a period of 90 minutes in intravenous thrombolysis group.24 hours late, both groups were followed by subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin(0.4 ml,twice daily) for 7 days. The control group received only routine treatment. European Stroke Scale(ESS) and Barthel Index(BI) were used to evaluate the recovery of neurological functions.Results The efficacy in both thrombolysis groups was significantly higher than that in the control group(all P<0.05). No significant difference of efficacy was found between intraarterial group and intravenous group( P> 0.05).But in intraarterial group, the stenosis of intracranial arteries or extracranial arteries could be found, and new thrombosis could be prevented by transluminal stent-assistant angioplasty. One case of intracerebral hemorrhage and one case of asymptomatic hemorrhage occurred in intraarterial thrombolysis group. One case of asymptomatic hemorrhage was found in intravenous thrombolysis group and control group respectively. No dead case was found in the three groups.Conclusion Thrombolytic therapy of intra-arterial and intravenous rtPA can be performed safely and efficaciously in patients with acute cerebral infarction within 6 hours from the onset.

关 键 词：重组组织型纤溶酶原激活物 溶栓治疗 急性脑梗死 疗效观察 安全性 低分子肝素 血栓形成 

分 类 号：R743.33[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R977[医药卫生—临床医学]