指向性遗忘中认知抑制能力的发展  

Cognitive Inhibition and Its Development in Directed Forgetting

作　　者：黄红清[1] 张卫[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学心理系,广州510631 [2]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2003年第1期44-48,共5页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究"十五"规划;广东省人文社科规划项目

摘　　要：采用组块提示法 ,以小学二年级、五年级学生和大学生共 1 0 4名为被试 ,考察语词记忆指向性遗忘效应的机制及其发展。结果表明 :( 1 )各年龄段被试都明显存在着指向性遗忘效应 ;( 2 )指向性遗忘效应是提取抑制和选择性编码两种机制共同作用的结果 ,且年幼儿童与年长儿童、成人之间作用情况可能存在差异 ;( 3 )小学二年级、五年级学生和大学生之间认知抑制能力差异显著 ,随年龄增长 ,认知抑制能力不断增长。Inhibitory processing is an emerging theme in recent psychology and cognitive sciences.To explore the mechanism and development of directed forgetting effect, totally 104 subjects from grade 2 and 5 and college participated in a directed forgetting task, in which used a blocked cuing procedure. The results indicated: (1) all age subjects demonstrated the directed forgetting effect. (2) Both retrieval inhibition and selective rehearsal played a role in directed forgetting effect, although there may be a different processing mechanism in younger children. (3) The different age groups demonstrated significant different level of inhibitory processing. The second graders showed partial inhibitory ability, the fifth graders showed better inhibitory ability, and the college students showed quite better inhibition than the fifth graders.

关 键 词：指向性遗忘 认知抑制 认知发展 年龄趋势 选择性编码 心理研究 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]