6-DMAP诱导扇贝异源三倍体的细胞学观察  

Cytological description on allotriploid induction in scallop hybrid by application of 6-DMAP

作　　者：杜方勇[1] 杨爱国[1] 刘志鸿[1] 周丽青[1] 王清印[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所

出　　处：《水产学报》2003年第6期528-532,共5页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家重大基础研究规划(973)课题(G1999012004);国家海洋"863"项目(2001AA620106)

摘　　要：分别在受精后15和30mjn,用60 mg·L^(-1)6-二甲基氨基嘌呤(6-DMAP)处理栉孔扇贝(♀)×虾夷扇贝(♂)受精卵诱导异源三倍体,持续处理5～25min。采用二氨基苯基吲哚(DAPI)染色和荧光显微镜观察对处理前后受精卵的染色体行为变化进行了研究,空气干燥法制备染色体检测胚胎倍性。结果表明,无论抑制第一极体或是第二极体释放均能获得正常发育的异源三倍体胚胎;抑制第一极体释放,产生异源三倍体、非整倍体,延长处理时间能获得五倍体;抑制第二极体释放,产生异源三倍体;6-DMAP使染色体运动终止,处理前后,核相无变化,随着处理时间的延长,核相泡状化增强。Allotriploid induction, which combines crossing breeding and polyploid breeding techniques together and may have their both advantages in theory, is hopeful to provide a new way for genetic improvement of cultured scallop. Preliminary attempt to induce allotriploid of Chlamys farreri and Patinopecten yessoensis by application of 6-DMAP was reported in this paper. The fertilized eggs crossing between scallop Chlamys farreri (♀) and Patinopecten yessoensis(♂) were treated with 60mg·L-1 6-DMAP at 15 and 30 min after fertilization respectively for 5-25min duration. Using DAPI stain and fluorescence microscope observation, the differences of chromosome behavior of the fertilized eggs before, during and after treatments were analyzed. Chromosomes of embryos were prepared by air-drying method to examine the ploidy. The results showed that either inhibiting extrusion of the first polar body or the second polar body could induce normal allotriploidy embryos. Inhibiting extrusion of the first polar body could induce allotriploid and aneuploid; prolonging the treatment to 25min, pentaploid were observed. Inhibiting extrusion of the second polar may induce allotriploid; the experiments proved that 6-DMAP could terminate the movement of chromosomes. There were no remarkable differences in nuclear phase before, during and after treatments; the bulliform structure was strengthened with the prolongation of treatment.

关 键 词：6-DMAP 基因诱导 扇贝 异源三倍体 细胞学观察 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]