环孢霉素A和地塞米松防治穿透性角膜移植术后排斥反应的临床观察  

Cyclosporin A combined with dexamethasone in preventing and treating immune rejection after penetrating keratoplasty

作　　者：席兴华[1] 秦波[1] 姜德咏[1] 唐罗生[1] 曹燕娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院眼科,长沙410011

出　　处：《湖南医科大学学报》2003年第6期627-630,共4页Bulletin of Hunan Medical University

基　　金：湖南省卫生厅科研基金资助 ( 2 0 0 0 45 )

摘　　要：目的 :比较观察环孢霉素A(cyclosporinA ,CsA)、地塞米松和CsA联合地塞米松对穿透性角膜移植(penetratingkeratoplasty ,PKP)术后免疫排斥反应的防治效果。方法 :86例 (86眼 )PKP术后患者 ,随机分为 3组。①CsA组 ,2 9例 2 9眼 ,用 1%CsA溶液滴眼 ;②地塞米松组 :2 6例 2 6眼 ,用 0 .1%地塞米松溶液滴眼 ;③CsA联合地塞米松组 :31例 31眼 ,用 1%CsA和 0 .1%地塞米松溶液滴眼。 3组每日滴眼各 3～ 4次 ,均于术后 1月改为 2～ 3次 ,持续用药 3个月以上。对PKP术后发生植片免疫排斥反应者 ,予以结膜下注射地塞米松和增加 1%CsA及 0 .1%地塞米松滴眼液的滴眼频次 ,直至病情缓解。所有患者随访 1～ 2年。结果 :术后发生角膜免疫排斥反应共 15眼(17.4 % ) ,其中CsA组 5眼 (17.2 % ) ,地塞米松组 7眼 (2 6 .9% ) ,CsA联合地塞米松组 3眼 (9.7% )。后组与前 2组比较差异具有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。 15只发生排斥反应眼经治疗有 13眼得到有效控制。结论 :PKP术后应用 1%CsA联合 0 .1%地塞米松滴眼能更有效地减少植片免疫排斥反应发生率 ;结膜下注射地塞米松和增加CsA及地塞米松滴眼液的滴眼频次 ,能有效控制PKP术后所发生的免疫排斥反应 ,从而提高穿透性角膜移植的成功率。Objective To evaluate the efficacy of topical 1% cyclosporin A (CsA), 0.1% dexamethasone or 1% CsA combined with 0.1% dexamethasone in preventing and treating immune rejection after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). Methods Eighty-six eyes from 86 PKP patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: ① Thirty-one eyes were treated with 1% CsA and dexamethasone for 3 months. ② Twenty-nine eyes were treated with 1% CsA for 3 months; ③ Twenty-six eyes were treated with 0.1% dexamethasone for 3 months. The rejected eyes of postoperation were given with the dexamethasone injection under conjunctiva and increased the frequency of CsA and dexamethasone eye drops. All patients were followed up for 1～2 years. Results There was a statistical difference in the 3 groups in the postoperative immune rejection which occurred in 5 out of 29 (17.3%) eyes treated with 1% CsA, 7 out of 26 (26.9%) treated with 0.1% dexamathasone, and 3 out of 31 (9.7%) with 1% CsA and dexamethasone. The immune rejection after PKP occurred in 15 eyes and 13 eyes were cured by sub-conjunctiva injection of dexamethasone combined with eye drops of 1% CsA and 0.1% dexamethasone.Conclusion The efficacy of CsA combined with dexamethasone topically is better than that of 1% CsA or 0.1% dexamethasone alone in preventing rejection episodes. It is effective to cure the graft rejection after PKP with sub-conjunctiva injection of dexamethasone combined with the eye drop of 1% CsA and 0.1% dexamethasone.

关 键 词：环孢霉素A 地塞米松 免疫排斥 穿透性角膜移植 

分 类 号：R779.65[医药卫生—眼科]