肌张力障碍的临床研究  

Clinical study on myodystonia

作　　者：刘宁疆[1] 张本恕[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院神经内科,300052

出　　处：《中华神经科杂志》2003年第6期440-442,共3页Chinese Journal of Neurology

摘　　要：目的　观察肌张力障碍 (myodystonia)患者的临床表现。 方法　用回顾性方法对 2 92例肌张力障碍患者进行发病年龄与最先累及部位、是否发展到其他部位 ,及主要临床类型发病情况与性别的关系的相关性分析。结果　原发型肌张力障碍患者中较早发病者最先容易累及肢体 (5 1例 ,P <0 0 1) ;而成年起病的患者病变通常在头颈部 (14 1例 ,P <0 0 1)。痉挛性斜颈、眼睑痉挛在女性好发 ;书写痉挛和发作性肌张力障碍则男性多发。结论　肌张力障碍的临床表现呈多样化 ,各个类型的发病年龄、受累部位和男女患病率均有差异。Objective To investigate the manifestations of myodystonia for recognizing it.Methods Symptomatic myodystonia,relationship between the age of onset and the affected sites,the main clinical types and sex in 292 consecutive cases of myodystonia by retrospective reviewed.Results Symptomatic myodystonia was found accounting for 21.23% in all cases and its major cause was perinatal stage anoxia.Patients who had had early onset (<21 years) were affected at limbs first and progressed to generalized myodystonia earlier ( P <0.01),while patients who had had adult onset (≥21 years) were affected locally in craniocervical region with an idiopathic type ( P <0.01).A ratio of prevalence in female was found higher than male in all categories of focal myodystonia involving the craniocervical region and in dopa-responsive myodystonia,while the writer’s cramp and paroxysmal myodystonia were higher in men than in women.Conclusions Clinical manifestations of myodystonia might be diversified and different from types,there might be different expressions at the ages of onset,and affected sites and incidence rate between men and women.

关 键 词：肌张力障碍 临床研究 发病机制 病因 脑缺氧 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]