近代汉语疑难词“谷树皮”考  

The Perplexing Word “Gushu” Skin in Chinese

作　　者：王祥[1] 孙剑艺[2] 

机构地区：[1]济宁学院中文系,山东曲阜273155 [2]山东大学儒学高等研究院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《语言科学》2015年第5期552-560,共9页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究重点项目(12BWXJ07);济宁学院青年科研基金项目(2014QNSK07)的资助

摘　　要：长期以来,围绕武大郎的"谷树皮"形成了一桩聚讼纷纭的公案。文章深入研究文本,对各种解说详加列举和分析,结合现代医学科学知识,证明武大郎是一个"垂体性侏儒"形象。重点勾稽大量北方方言实证,按照"因声求义,不限形体"的训诂方法,证明"谷树"即现代北方方言双音词的同词音变形式之一;其形容词义用以修饰皮肤时,意义用法与"鼓搐"、"骨搐"、"枯出"、"枯搐"、"鼓皱"、"枯树"等无异。对其构词理据及其源流先后问题亦略作拟测。There has long been a controversy over the term “gushu pi”(谷树皮),which is used to describe Wu Dalang's appearance in J in Ping Mei .After in-depth study of the relevant texts,de-tailed illustrations and analysis of the past literature and with reference to modern medical science,the paper holds that Wu Dalang has a body structure of “pituitary dwarfism”.The paper makes use of a large number of northern dialects in an empirical study of this term according to the traditional exeget-ical principle of verifying meaning with sound rather than limiting by shape.It argues that gushu is a variant of the disyllabic word “valley tree”(谷树)in northern Chinese dialects and that it carries the same meaning as “guchu”(鼓搐,骨搐),“kuchu”(枯出,枯搐),“guzhou”(鼓皱),“kushu”(枯树) when used as an adjective describing the outer appearance of skin.We also try to infer the rationale and origins of the word formation of this term.

关 键 词：谷树皮 北方方言词 同词音变 辨考 

分 类 号：H134[语言文字—汉语]