青少年轻度特发性脊柱侧凸的自然转归  

Natural history of the mild adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

作　　者：刘朝晖[1] 李子荣[1] 李中实[1] 崔健[2] 聂智青[1] 

机构地区：[1]中日友好医院骨科,北京100029 [2]中日友好医院放射科,北京100029

出　　处：《中华骨科杂志》2003年第10期611-614,共4页Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics

摘　　要：目的研究青少年轻度特发性脊柱侧凸的自然转归,找出畸形进展的危险因素,提出学校普查的改进办法。方法1985年5月～1986年1月,对北京市城区和近郊区20418名中小学生行脊柱侧凸普查,共检出204例Cobb角>10°的特发性脊柱侧凸患者。15年后,对这些患者追踪随访,调查内容包括询问治疗史、体检及拍摄脊柱正侧位X线片,并与普查时原始资料对照,进行统计学分析。将畸形的转归分为消退(现Cobb角<10°),减轻(现Cobb角>10°,但减少>5°),未变(现Cobb角>10°,加重<5°),及进展(现Cobb角>10°,加重>5°)四组。结果共追踪随访了111例患者,其中90例随访时摄X线片,女66例,男24例。消退29例(32.2%),减轻21例(23.3%),未变30例(33.3%),进展10例(11.1%)。进展组中,女8例,男2例;Cobb角10°～19°者6例,20°及以上者4例;双胸弯型2例,胸腰双弯型2例,右胸弯型3例,左胸弯型无,胸腰弯型2例,腰弯型1例。结论Cobb角在20°以内的青少年特发性脊柱侧凸多数不会进展。进展的危险因素包括:Cobb角>20°,畸形发生在女性,双胸弯、胸腰双弯、右胸弯型,侧凸顶椎旋转度在Ⅱ度及以上。实施青少年脊柱侧凸普查的学校医护人员应由专业人员培训,由他们在普查时进行初筛,专业人员复查初筛可疑者并定期监测高危进展者。Objective To investigate the natural history of mild adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in a period of 15 years and search for the risk factors of progress as well as to recommend the modification program of school screening for scoliosis. Methods From a group of 204 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis who were detected from school screening for scoliosis among 20 418 school children in Beijing from May 1985 to January 1986, 90 of the patients were reevaluated 15 years later. The follow-up items of the therapeutic history, physical examination and standing spinal X-ray films were carried out. The late data were compared statistically with the original data at the time of school screening. The final results were divided into four groups: 1)Resolved group with a current curve less than 10 degrees; 2)Reduced group with a current curve more than 10 degrees but reducing less than 5 degrees regarding to the original status; 3)Unchanged group with a current curve more than 10 degrees while progressing less than 5 degrees compared to the original data; 4)Progressed group with a current curve was more than 10 degrees and aggravating more than 5 degrees than the original curve. Results Of 204 patients, 111 patients were followed up, and X-ray films were taken in 90. The follow-up results suggested that 29 cases showed resolved(32.2%), 21 cases reduced (23.3%), 30 cases unchanged (33.3%) and 10 cases progressed (11.1%). In 10 cases of progressed group, there were 8 females and 2 males, furthermore, 6 patients were found with the cobbs angle of curve between 10 and 19 degrees and 4 patient with the cobbs angle of curve more than 20 degrees when school screening. The curve pattern of the 10 progressed patients consisted of double thoracic curves in 2, double thoracic and lumbar curves in 2, right thoracic curve in 3, thoraco-lumbar curve in 2 and lumbar curve in 1. Conclusion Most of cases with less than 20 degrees curve are of no progress. The high risks of progress are as followed: curve more than 20 degrees, f

关 键 词：青少年 轻度特发性脊柱侧凸 自然转归 危险因素 双胸弯 胸腰双弯 

分 类 号：R682.3[医药卫生—骨科学]