水稻双胚苗无融合生殖胚胎学研究初报  

THE STUDIES ON EMBRYOLOGY OF APOMIXIS OF TWIN SEEDLINGS IN RICE(ORYZA SATIVA L.)

作　　者：赵炳然[1] 邓鸿德[1] 黎垣庆[1] 吴京华[1] 张克明[1] 王桂元[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南杂交水稻研究中心,长沙410125

出　　处：《武汉植物学研究》1992年第3期213-218,共6页Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research

摘　　要：将子房整体染色透明观察后,通过筛选材料石蜡切片的方法,研究发现水稻双胚苗品系APⅣ中,存在低频率的无融合生殖。开花前珠心细胞特化并分裂发育形成不定胚。随着珠心组织的退化,不定胚长八胚囊腔中,以球形胚形式存在。开花后4天,球形胚开始分化。球形胚在胚囊中可以和合子胚并存,也可以单独存在。但双胚主要来自受精的助细胞或合子胚纵裂。开花后3—4天,在胚乳腔中着色深的球状结构是胚乳部份脱落形成的,不是不定胚。珠孔端反足细胞团不能形成胚。A cyto-embryological observation has been made by using the hemalum-methyl salicylate stain-clearing technique and paraffin section method. It is discovered that there is a low frequency of apomixis in APⅣ, a indica rice twin seedling line.The results of research on origination of adventive embryony have indicated that: One day before flowering, the nucellus contain some expanded cells possessing big and significantly heavily stained nucleus, this kind of cells could develop into nucellar proembryony. The spherical adventive embryony proliferated into embryo sac cavity along with the nucellus degenerating and differentiation of these spherical adventive embryony began four days after flowering, Adventive embryony can survive in the embryo sac cavity with or without zygote embryo, But the double embryo most partly formed from the cleaving of zygote embryo or from the fertilized synergid, The spherical hard stained structure in the endosperm sac cavity, originated from the dropped endosperm part, is not adventive embryony. The antipodal cells at the mieropylar border can not form embryo.

关 键 词：无融合生殖 水稻 双胚苗 胚胎学 

分 类 号：S511.101[农业科学—作物学]