叶酸与肿瘤  

Folate and Cancer

作　　者：缪小平[1] 林东昕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学肿瘤研究所病因及癌变研究室,北京100021

出　　处：《癌症》2003年第6期668-671,共4页Chinese Journal of Cancer

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(No.39825122);国家自然科学基金重大项目(No.39990570)

摘　　要：叶酸是水果和蔬菜中的重要营养成分之一,其主要生物学功能是作为甲基供体参与细胞内的甲基化反应和脱氧核糖核酸的从头合成。叶酸缺乏与肿瘤的发生有关联,这可能是因为叶酸缺乏影响DNA合成、修复和正常甲基化。叶酸在细胞内需要代谢转化才能发挥其生物学作用。亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase,MTHFR)是叶酸代谢通路中的关键酶,MTHFR基因的单核苷酸多态(677C→T和1298A→C)使其编码的酶功能活性显著降低,从而影响叶酸的生物转化和功能。众多的研究表明,MTHF基因的单核苷酸多态是一些肿瘤的遗传易感性因素。Folate is one of the important constituents of veg etables and fruits that may provide protection a g ainst cancer.An important functio n of folate is to provide methyl g roups required for intracellular methylation reactions and de novo deoxynucleoside synthesis.Th erefore,folate deficiency has been thoug ht to be carcinog enic throug h disruption of DNA methylation,synthesis,and repair.However,to serve as the active media tor,folate requires metabolism cat alyzed by several enzymes including methyl enetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR),which plays a central role in biotransformation of folate.Thus,it is lik ely that two functional sing le nucleotide polym orphisms (677C→T and 1298A→C)in the MTHFR g ene,both of which diminishes MTHFR activity,may contribute to risk of cancer.

关 键 词：叶酸 肿瘤 生物学功能 甲基化 单核苷酸多态 遗传易感性 MTHFR基因 

分 类 号：R730.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]