稻瘟病菌的有性世代形成能——云南省稻瘟病菌的有性世代研究之三  

CROSS-FERTILITY OF RICE BLAST FUNGUS PYRICULARIA ORYZAE

作　　者：李成云[1] 李家瑞[1] 沈锐[1] 藤田佳克 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院,昆明650205 [2]日本热带农业研究中心

出　　处：《西南农业学报》1992年第1期53-58,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省科委应用基础研究基金资助项目

摘　　要：从500余个稻瘟病菌单孢菌株中选出在与标准菌株交配时能较多地产生子囊壳及子囊孢子的26个菌株和10个子囊孢子菌株,通过其中A交配型的20个菌株与a交配型的16个菌株相互交配,证明YL90—84、YL90—71等4个分离自西双版纳陆稻上的菌株及子囊孢子菌株A—1具有较高的有性世代形成能。此外,笔者还根据云南省南部稻区的稻瘟病菌多能形成有性世代,并具有较高有性世代形成能,单株培养时能产生子囊壳的事实推论:Pericularia菌是从同宗配合菌演化到异宗配合菌,再演化到失去有性世代形成能而单营无性世代的寄生菌;其寄生性从野生植物、杂粮作物到水稻(或陆稻)的分化可能是在水稻起源地带及其附近完成的,有性机能是在寄生物—寄主的共同演化过程中逐渐丧失的。26 strains whick are capable of producing more perithecia and ascospores when crossed with the standard strain and 10 ascospore strains were selected from more than 500 Pyri-cularia oryae monoconidial strains. It has been proved that four strains (e. i. YL90-84, YL90-71, etc.) isolated from the upland grown region Xishuangbanna (South Yunnan) and the ascospore strain A-1 had higher cross-fertility by intercrossing the 20 strains of A-mating type with the 16 strains of a-mating tgpe of them, In addition, according to the fact of the most Pyricularia oryzae from South Yunnan's rice region were usually able to brought out perfect state and had higher cross-fertility and 'could produce pericularia in single-strain culture, authors infer that the Pyricularia oryzae was evolved from homotha-llic to heterothallic, then to parasitic bungus which reproduced only asexual germination and lost the cross-fertility, the differentiation of its parasitism from wild plants to food grains other than rice and wheat then to rice (or upland rice) was probably completed at the place of rice origin and its vicinity. Its sexual function was lost gradually in the course of coevolution of the parasite and host.

关 键 词：稻瘟菌 有性世代 交配型 

分 类 号：S435.111.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]