数据新闻:“讲一个好故事”?——数据新闻对传统新闻的继承与变革  

Tell a Good Story? How Data Journalism Inherits and Transforms Traditional Journalism

作　　者：李岩[1] 李赛可[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学传播研究所,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2015年第6期106-128,共23页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

摘　　要：新闻生产研究表明,媒介会试图发展出一定的样式来组织、构建及展示讯息并形成常规。对样式常规的认识有助于人们反思固定样式所带来的认知局限与偏见。而正在兴起的数据新闻实践中,"故事"作为传统新闻样式常规之一,在众多数据新闻生产者的话语里频繁出现。数据新闻是依然在讲述传统价值与假设下的故事,还是已经形成了新的结构样式?如果是后者,这种样式体现出哪些特征?蕴含着何种价值观及潜在意义?通过分析数据新闻生产者的认知经验性文本及其建构的文本——数据新闻作品,既可以看到新技术条件下重组后的新闻编辑室对传统新闻价值与样式的继承,也可以看到新闻采集、呈现及其理念的变革。数据新闻依然以叙事为中心,但这种叙事已经建立在新的技术与理念的基础上,并且是讲述一个由数据驱动的、可视化的新闻故事,一个关乎读者且读者可以自己讲述的故事,一个更能把握真实、抵达真相的故事。News production research points out that the media will try to develop some styles to organize,construct and display information,which then forms the news routines.Recognizing the style routines help people to reflect on the cognitive limitations and biases of the fixed style pattern.In the emerging data-journalism practice,the traditional news style routine″story″frequently appeared in the numerous data journalists' discourse.The data journalism tells the stories under the traditional values and assumptions,or says that it has formed some new structure and style?If it does,what characteristics is the data journalism story of,and what kind of value and potential meaning?Based on the assumption that the news routine will be reflected in the cognition of the journalists and the text they constructed,this paper attempts to return to the news production practice,It takes the cognitive empirical discourse and corresponding news text as research material to discern how data journalists understand the news story and turn the events to stories in daily practice.The research text is of″model″significance,two key parts of the world's first data news production guide book Data Journalism Handbook.One part″In the Newsroom″covers 11 newsrooms in the world to display their experience and beliefs of data news production,the other part″Case Studies″mainly involves the analysis of the production process of 18 classical cases.Research method combines the corpus and text analysis by means of corpus analysis to provide systematic retrieval and statistics,show the language forms and examples reflecting the language phenomenon,thereby to strengthen,refute or modify the researcher's intuition,and moreover by means of qualitative text analysis to find the inherent clue and in-depth meaning of the research material.The research finds that in the data journalism production the mixture of tradition and change,the reconstructed newsroom under the condition of new technology both inherits the traditional news production value

关 键 词：数据新闻 故事 新闻常规 新技术 新闻理念 继承与变革 语料库 

分 类 号：G210.7[文化科学—新闻学]