企业战略导向的权变选择及差别绩效效应:探索性/利用性学习的中介作用和产业类型的调节作用  

The Differential Performance Effects and the Contingent Choice of Strategic Orientations for Enterprises:The Mediating Role of Explorative and Exploitative Learning,and the Moderating Role of Industry Type

作　　者：彭正龙[1] 何培旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学经济与管理学院,上海200092

出　　处：《管理评论》2015年第5期121-134 187,共15页Management Review

基　　金：教育部博士点专项科研基金项目(20133108120031)

摘　　要：近年来,战略导向的融合研究愈发引人关注,然而目前对不同战略导向的权变选择及其差别绩效效应研究甚少。按照"战略导向-行为过程-绩效结果"理论范式,探索性地构建了以组织学习为中介变量和产业类型为调节变量的战略导向对绩效影响的概念模型,并对沪深两市A股市场358份高新和非高新技术企业样本进行比较实证分析。结果表明:(1)探索性学习完全中介创业导向和绩效间关系,利用性学习完全中介市场导向和绩效间关系;(2)产业类型调节战略导向、探索性/利用性学习和绩效间关系;(3)两种产业类型企业中,两种战略导向存在明显的差别绩效效应。在高新技术企业中,创业导向的绩效效应大于市场导向的绩效效应,而在非高新技术企业中则相反;(4)探索性和利用性学习存在二元平衡,两者正向交互影响企业绩效。In recent years,an increasing number of studies have focused on the combination of different strategic orientations,however,there are few studies talking about the differential performance effects and the contingent choice of different strategic orientations. Therefore,this paper conceptualizes a model that links strategic orientations to firm performance using organizational learning as mediator and industry type as moderator based on the configuration of'strategic orientations-behavioral process-performance result'. Then it conducts a comparative empirical analysis on the model by using 358 valid samples drawn from the high-tech and non-high-tech listed firms in China A-share market. The result indicates that:( 1) the effect of entrepreneurial orientation on firm performance is completely mediated by exploitative learning,while the effect of market orientation on firm performance is completely mediated by explorative learning;( 2) industry type moderates the relationship between strategic orientations,exploitative learning and explorative learning,and firm performance;( 3) there are significant differential performance effects of the two kinds of strategic orientations in high-tech and non-high-tech firms. For high-tech firms,the performance effect of entrepreneurial orientation is larger than that of market orientation,however,for non-high-tech firms,it shows a contrary conclusion. In addition,it shows considerable difference between the performance effects of entrepreneurial orientation in high-tech and non-high-tech firms. In contrast,there is only a little difference for that of market orientation;( 4) the two learning ways own binary equilibrium,which means the interaction term of explorative learning and exploitative learning positively affects performance. These findings have important theoretical and practical value for the contingent choice and conduction of strategic orientations in Chinese high-tech and non-high-tech firms.

关 键 词：战略导向 探索性学习 利用性学习 产业类型 差别绩效效应 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理] F272.5[经济管理—国民经济]