Lead anthropogenic transfer and transformation in China  

中国铅元素的人为迁移与转变（英文）

作　　者：梁静[1] 毛建素[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》2015年第4期1262-1270,共9页中国有色金属学报（英文版）

基　　金：Project(41171361)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China

摘　　要：Information on lead redistribution and speciation changes in anthrosphere can help to analyze the whole lead cycle on the earth. Lead life cycle was traced based on the concepts of anthropogenic transfer and transformation. Lead transfer and the distribution of chemical species throughout the anthropogenic flow were identified in 2010 in China. The results show that 1.85 Mt lead ore was consumed(besides 1.287 Mt imported concentrated ore and 1.39 Mt lead scraps. After undergoing transformations, 3.53 Mt lead entered end services in chemical species of Pb, Pb O2 and PbSO4, altogether accounting for over 80% of the total lead products. Finally, 2.10 Mt ore was emitted into the environment in such species as PbSO4(26%), PbO(19%) and Pb(15%). Lead transfer begins in primary raw material sectors, and then transfers to manufacturing sectors. Lead provides services mainly in such industrial sectors as transportation, electrical power and buildings or construction.研究铅的人为迁移所导致的再分布以及形态转变有助于补充和完善铅的整个地球化学循环过程。在回顾铅人为迁移和转变概念基础上,通过追踪铅元素的产品生命周期过程,研究中国2010年的铅元素人为循环中的人为迁移及各化学形态的转变。结果表明,2010年消耗国内1.85 Mt铅矿石,外加1.287 Mt进口铅精矿和1.39 Mt废铅,经过人为转变后共有3.53 Mt铅进入末端服务,主要以Pb、PbO2和PbSO4等形态(约占80%)进入产品。并最终向环境中排放2.10 Mt释放物,释放物的主要形态为PbSO4(26%)、PbO(19%)和Pb(15%)。铅的人为迁移始于原材料部门,然后转入制造部门,而最终服务于交通、电力供应和建筑等工业部门。

关 键 词：lead element TRANSFER TRANSFORMATION anthrosphere REDISTRIBUTION industrial sectors chemical species life cycle 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]