论建立我国双轨制违宪审查机制——从“孙志刚事件”谈起  

On the Double-Railed Examination on Violation of the Constitution

作　　者：徐冬根[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学法学院,上海200030

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2003年第4期18-22,共5页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：违宪审查包括对违反宪法的法律、法规等的“抽象审查”和违反宪法的行为的“具体审查”。我国应根据违宪审查的形式和价值目标 ,建立具有中国特色的双轨制违宪审查机制 :我国的最高权力机关 (全国人民代表大会及其常务委员会 )承担违宪的抽象审查职能 ,司法机关 (人民法院 )承担违宪的具体审查职能。权力机关抽象审查和司法机关具体审查相互配合和协调 ,构成一个完整的双轨制违宪审查体系。双轨制违宪审查机制坚持了全国人大及其常委会的法律地位 ,同时又充分发挥了人民法院在违宪具体审查中的司法职能 。Examination on violation of the Constitution includes the abstract examination on laws and regulations which violate the Constitution and the practical examination on the act which violates the Constitution. We need to establish a double-railed examination system on violation of the Constitution based on the form and value object of the examination. The National People's Congress and its Standing Committee are responsible for abstract examination and the judicial organs are responsible for examination. The cooperation and coordination between the two institutions constitute the integrated examination system. Such a system which maintains the legal status of the National People's Congress and allows the court to implement judicial function in the course of practical examination is in agreement with the status quo of China.

关 键 词：中国 双轨制 违宪审查机制 孙志刚案件 英国 议会主权原则 抽象审查 美国 司法机关 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D926.34[政治法律—法学]