三峡水库建成后对长江河床演变的影响(英文)  

Possible Influences of the Three-Gorges Reservoir on Evolution of Changjiang River-Bed

作　　者：刁承泰[1] 刘树人[2] 穆桂春[3] 

机构地区：[1]西南师范大学资源环境科学学院,重庆400715 [2]华东师范大学地理系,上海200062 [3]湖北大学地理系,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《西南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第1期119-122,共4页Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家科技部2000年度攀登特别支持费资助项目(国科基字[2000]026号文).

摘　　要：长江三峡水库是特大型水库.长江三峡水利枢纽建成后,由于水动力条件改变,引起水库上、下河段河流地貌发育过程的一系列变化,对环境产生如下冲击和影响:①基准面抬高,流入水库各条支流在入库河口区及以下区域迅速产生水下淤积,形成河口拦门沙和水下三角洲.②水库上游河道发生变形.水库蓄水后引起库岸变形,这种库岸变形可能延续几十年的时间,影响到库岸的稳定性、水库库区附近淹没浸没以及水库渗漏等.水库运营时清水下泄,引起水库下游河床冲刷以及下游河道变形,受影响最大的是武汉及其以上荆江河段.根据三峡库区的实际情况,认为影响最大、最应该立项和进行综合研究的问题有3个方面:第一,入库河流河口地区的水下淤积问题;第二,水库运营过程中引起的库岸变形及库岸的稳定性问题;第三,水库下游清水下泄河床重新调整时,对下游荆江等河道的影响.After the completion of the three-gorges reservoir, it is inevitable that fluvial processes on the upper river and the lower river of the reservoir will be changed, which causes the evolution of Changjiang river-bed. Firstly, river mouth bars and subaqueous deltas will form because of a high-speed fluvial deposit of tributaries at river mouths where the tributaries flow into the reservoir and its lower reservoir area. Secondly, a series of deformations will occurr in the upper river course near the reservoir and banks along the reservoir after the reservoir retains water, and last tens years. Thirdly, a series of erosions on river-bed and deformations of river course will occurr in the lower river of the reservoir because of unmixed water flows when the reservoir sluices, which will influence seriously on Wuhan city and Jinjiang, a section of Changjiang River from Yichang city to Wuhan city. These processes must be studied and calculated as soon as possible in Hubei province and Chongqing municipality in order that the countermeasures can be made promptly.

关 键 词：三峡水库 长江 河床演变 河流地貌 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]