双任务间隔对特征搜索方式的影响  

THE EFFECTS OF THE LAG BETWEEN TWO TASKS ON FEATURE SEARCH

作　　者：沈模卫[1] 高涛[1] 丁海杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学心理与行为科学系,杭州310028

出　　处：《心理学报》2004年第1期24-30,共7页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (项目号 :3 0 2 70 463 );云南省政府 -浙江大学合作共建云南省心理学重点学科 ( 2 0 0 1-2 0 0 3 )项目;浙江大学"挑战杯"学生科研项目

摘　　要：采用RSVP序列 ,以两个实验探讨了双任务间隔对特征搜索方式的影响。要求被试首先辨认数字序列中包含的字母 (任务一 ,T1) ,随后完成特征搜索任务 (任务二 ,T2 )。在实验一中 ,T2是检测在同时呈现的多个椭圆中是否有方向不一致的目标出现 ;在实验二中 ,T2是检测同时呈现的多个灰色圆点中是否有红色圆点出现。结果发现 :随T1-T2间距缩短 ,T2的正确率显著下降 ;T2所含刺激数目的增加并未引起其正确率下降 ,即任务转换只影响特征搜索的绩效而未改变搜索方式 ,特征搜索仍以并行方式进行。根据动态控制理论 ,由于在本研究范式中两个任务之间存在任务转换过程 ,特征搜索应当为系列搜索。可见上述结果与动态控制理论不符。This research focused on the pattern (serial or parallel) of visual search under the condition of dual-task with stimuli presented in RSVP stream. Participants were required to identify the unique letter in the stream of Arabic numerals (T1), and then completed a feature search task (T2). In exp1, T2 was to detect an odd-oriented ellipse among distractors which were tilted in the same direction. In exp2, T2 was to detect a red dot among grey distractors. Two experiments provided convergent evidence that the accuracy of T2 was progressively decreased as T1-T2 lag was shortened; the increase of distractors' set size didn't result in a deficit for the feature search task. The results showed that although the efficiency of T2 had been impaired by task-switch, feature search was still processed in a parallel pattern. However, according to dynamic control theory, the involvement of task-switch in this research should change the pattern of feature search from parallel to serial. The potential solutions for the inconsistency between dynamic control theory and the current results were discussed in detail.

关 键 词：特征搜索 动态控制理论 任务转换 注意盲 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]