塔玛亚历山大藻和赤潮异弯藻对黑褐新糠虾和卤虫的急性毒性作用  

The toxicity study of Alexandrium tamarense and Heterosigma akashiwo to two crustacean species Neomysis awatschensis and Artemia salina

作　　者：颜天[1] 谭志军[1] 李钧[1] 于仁诚[1] 王云峰[1] 周名江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋学报》2004年第1期76-81,共6页

基　　金：国家重点基础研究规划资助项目(2001CB409709);国家自然科学基金资助项目(49906007;39950001;40076030;20177023);中国科学院知识创新工程资助项目(KZCX2-206);山东省科技攻关资助项目(012110115).

摘　　要：以黑褐新糠虾和卤虫为实验材料,研究了两种典型有毒有害赤潮藻,塔玛亚历山大藻和赤潮异弯藻的毒性.结果表明塔玛亚历山大藻和赤潮异弯藻都能影响糠虾的存活,在96h内塔玛亚历山大藻和赤潮异弯藻对糠虾的半致死浓度分别约为7000和450000个/cm3;在24h内塔玛亚历山大藻和赤潮异弯藻对卤虫存活没有显著影响,而赤潮异弯藻能对卤虫的活力产生强烈的抑制作用,0 1,1 5,5和24h的半抑制浓度分别为15000,7500,4500,3000个/cm3,但在赤潮异弯藻较低浓度为3000个/cm3时,经过48h卤虫的运动能力能够恢复到正常水平.结果表明,这两种有害藻对同一种生物的毒性大小存在差异,而这两种甲壳类生物对同一种有害藻的反应也不相同.The toxicities of two typical HAB species Alexandrium tamarense and Heterosigma akashiwo were studied by two standard experimental organisms: Neomysis awatschensis and Artemia salina as test organisms. The results show that both A. tamarense and H. akashiwo affected the survival of N. awatschensis during 96 h exposure. The 96 h LC_(50) of A. tamarense and H. akashiwo on N. awatschensis are about 7 000 cells/cm^3 and 450 000 cells/cm^3, respectively. While A. tamarense and H. akashiwo do not show any impact on the survival of Artemia salina during 24 h exposure. However, H. akashiwo can inhibit the activity of the Artemia salina significantly. The 96 h EC_(50) at 0, 1, 1.5, 5 and 24 h are 15 000, 7 500, 4 500, 3 000 cells/cm^3, respectively. But at the low densities of 3 000 cells/cm^3, the activity of the Artemia salina can recover to the normal degree after 48 h. The results indicate the two HAB species have different toxicities to the same organism and the two crustaceans can have different responses to the same species.

关 键 词：塔玛亚历山大藻 赤潮异弯藻 黑褐新糠虾 卤虫 急性毒性 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]