不同认知作业年老化特点的比较研究  

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CHARACTERS OF DIFFERENT COGNITIVE PERFORMANCES IN AGING

作　　者：孙福立[1] 严亦蔼 雷淑萍[1] 焦艳[1] 李德明[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国中医研究院西苑医院,北京100091 [2]中国科学院心理研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《心理学报》1992年第4期372-378,共7页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;国家中医局科研基金

摘　　要：本工作应用自行设计的软件程序和微机人机对话方式,完成六项认知作业的年老化特点的比较研究,被试506人,46—75岁。研究结果表明:1)“心算”和“符号数字”两项作业完成速度随年老迅速减慢,但测验成绩随年老缓慢降低,速度变化是该两项作业年老化过程的主要特点;2)“数字鉴别”和“计数”两项作业完成速度随年老减慢较缓;3)“双位数字顺序回忆”和“无意义图形再认”两项作业测验成绩随年老下降迅速,但前者更为明显;4)速度和成绩两项指标的个体差异均随年老有增大趋向。A comparative study on the characters of six cognitive performances inaging was accomplished by using the method of man-computer interaction in 506subjects of 46 to 75 years old. The results indicated: 1) The performancespeeds in arithmetic and symble-digit tasks slowed rapidly with increased age,but the test records inl both the tasks declined slowly in aging. Thus, thechanges of performance speed was the major character in arithmetic and symble-digit tasks in aging. 2) The performance speeds in digit discrimination andcount tasks slowed slowly with age. 3) The test records in sequence re-membering of two digit and recognition of meaningless figure tasks declinedrapidly with age, but the former was more obvious than the latter. 4) Theindividul differences in performance speed and test record tended to increasein aging.

关 键 词：认知 老年 心理学 

分 类 号：B842.1[哲学宗教—基础心理学]