高自控与低自控儿童的控制归因、自控期望比较研究  

A Comparative Study on Attribution, Expectation for Self-control Between High-self Control Children and Low-self Control Children

作　　者：杨慧芳[1] 刘金花[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学心理系,上海200062

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2003年第3期6-11,共6页Psychological Development and Education

摘　　要：采用问卷法 ,对小学 3～ 5年级 179名高自控和 188名低自控儿童的控制归因、自控期望特征进行比较研究。研究结果表明 :(1)高自控儿童易做内归因 ,低自控儿童易做外归因 ;随年龄增长 ,儿童内归因的准确性提高 ;男生比女生更易采用外归因 ,内归因的性别差异不显著。 (2 )高自控儿童自控期望高 ,低自控儿童自控期望低 ;随年龄增长 ,儿童的自控期望增强 ;各年级男生都比女生自控期望低 ,儿童中低自控男生自控期望最低。Children's self-control is an important character in their development. This paper tries to reveal the characters of two different self- control children: high self-control and low self-control children of primary school on attribution ,expectation for self-control. It was found:1. High-self control children tend to make interior attribution, then low self-control children tend to make exterior attribution. The accuracy of interior attribution is improved as children grow. Boys tend to make more exterior attribution than girls, and there is no significant difference between boys and girls in interior attribution. 2. High self-control children have high expectation for self-control and low self-control children have low expectation for self-control. The level of expectation for self-control is improved as children grow. Boys have lower expectation for self-control than girls in all grades. And boys of low-self control have the lowest level of expectation for self-control.

关 键 词：儿童 自控能力 内归因 外归因 自控期望 年龄差异 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]