北京话入派三声的规律与北方官话间的关系  

The Rules Governing the Split of the Entering Tone in the Beijing Dialect and the Relationships between the Northern Dialects

作　　者：刘镇发[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学中文系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《语言研究》2004年第1期105-110,共6页Studies in Language and Linguistics

摘　　要：北方方言的入声一般都有规律地归到其他的舒声调,但北京话是个例外。在北京话中,清声母入声字好象毫无规律地派到四个舒声,无法跟其它方言对应,而造成尤其是南方方言使用者学习上莫大的困难。本文以历史音变的角度探讨这个问题,说明北京话的清入字在一定程度上,归并的其它声调是有规律的,但是也受到邻近方言的影响。同时也指出,北京话入声字的演变跟其它北方方言有根本上的差别,《中原音韵》不是北京话的祖语。The Middle Chinese Entering Tone is usually split regularly into other tones in the Northern dialects, but the Beijing Dialect forms an exception. In the Beijing Dialect, characters of the voiceless Entering Tone seem to go to the four tones randomly, lacking a phonological correspondence with other dialects, thus causing enormous learning difficulty for other dialect speakers especially the Southerners. In this essay, the problem is tackled with historical sound change, which shows that the merging of unvoiced characters of the Middle Chinese Entering Tone into other tones in the Beijing dialect was regular, but it also received influences from neighboring dialects. Also, the evolution of the Entering Tone in Beijing was fundamentally different from other Northern dialects, and Zhongyuan Yinyuan could not have been its ancestor.

关 键 词：入声字 北方方言 方言分区 历史音变 北京话 北方官话 演变规律 

分 类 号：H172[语言文字—汉语]