八倍体小偃麦与普通小麦杂交后代的细胞遗传学研究  

Cytogenetic Studies of the Offsprings of Octoploid Agrotriticum × T. aestivum L.

作　　者：孔令让[1] 王洪刚[1] 赵吉平[1] 姜丽君 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学系,泰安市271018

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》1992年第5期439-445,共7页

摘　　要：本研究以八倍体小偃麦小偃7430和普通小麦鲁麦1号为亲本,对其杂种的6个世代(F_1、F_2、F_3、B_1F_2、B_1F_3、B_2F_2)的细胞遗传学进行了研究。结果表明:从杂种F_1开始,随着自交和回交世代的增进,杂种后代植株染色体数逐渐减少;植株染色体数越多,减数分裂中期Ⅰ单价体出现频数、多价体出现类型及频数也越多,但二价体出现个数基本稳定在21左右。通过细胞学鉴定和性状观察,从小偃7430与鲁麦1号杂交的不同世代中选出了几个二体异附加株,有的农艺性状较好;还选出了农艺性状好,细胞学基本稳定的2n=42的株系,初步实现了将偃麦草的某些特异染色体或优良基因导入普通小麦遗传背景的目的。Octoploid Agrotriticum Xiaoyan 7430 and common wheat Lumai No.1 were used as parents for crossing, and cytogenetic studies of their 6 generations (F1, F2, F5, B,F2, B1F. and B2F2) was carried out. The results showed that the chromosome number of the progenies gradually decreased with progress of selfing and backcrossing. The more the chromosomes increased in the progeny plant, the higher the univalent frequency and both the frequency and type of mul-tivalents occurred at MI. However, the number of bivalents was 21 in most cases. On the basis of cytological analysis and phenotyric observation, several alien disomic addition lines were selected from various generations of Xiaoyan 7430 × Lunai No.l, and one of them possessing a lot of desirable agronomic characters. Plant strains with 42 chromosomes and 21 bivalents at MI were also obtained. These results indicat that the special chromosome(s) or superior gene(s) of Ag-ropyron had been transferred into the genetic background of common wheat.

关 键 词：八倍体小偃麦 普通小麦 细胞遗传学 

分 类 号：R512.103.2[医药卫生—内科学]