地震应急避难场所的规划建设与城市防灾  

Planning construction of earthquake emergency shelters and urban disaster reduction

作　　者：杨文斌[1] 韩世文[1] 张敬军[1] 宋伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市地震局,北京100080

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2004年第1期126-131,共6页Journal of Natural Disasters

摘　　要：建设应急避难场所是国际社会应对突发性事件的一项灾民安置措施,同时也是现代化大城市用于民众躲避地震、火灾、爆炸、洪水等重大自然灾害的安全避难场所。应急避难场所是预先经科学划定并进行规范化管理,能提供基本生活保障的场所。由于城市应急避难场所的规划建设是一项系统工程,涉及社会的方方面面,本文试图就有关建设应急避难场所的紧迫性、国内外现状、设计规划、技术要求和启动管理作一系统阐述,并以北京市应急避难场所的建设试点作为范例加以介绍。It is an important measure for the international society establishing the emergency shelter to deal with the emergent events and victims. And also,the emergency shelter is the temporary living place for people in modern big cities to avoid the danger of natural disasters,such as the earthquake,fire,explosion,flood,and so on. Based on scientific planning and standard management,the emergency shelter could be used to supply the basic subsistence requirements for people in dangers. Actually,the planning construction of the emergency shelter in cities is a kind of systems project,which included all kinds of inspects in society. Taking the example of the experimental construction of Beijing Emergency Shelter,this paper tries to give a formulation on the stringency,present status both at home and abroad,design planning,specification and start-up administration of establishing emergency shelter.

关 键 词：地震应急避难场所 城市防灾 城市规划 城市建设 自然灾害 

分 类 号：X4[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] TU998.9[建筑科学—市政工程]