国产蕺菜的染色体数目变异及核穿壁现象  

Variation of the chromosome number and cytomixis of Houttuynia cordata from China

作　　者：吴卫[1] 郑有良[1] 杨瑞武[2] 陈黎[1] 魏育明[3] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,四川雅安625014 [2]四川农业大学基础部,四川雅安625014 [3]四川农业大学小麦研究所,四川都江堰611830

出　　处：《植物分类学报》2003年第3期245-257,共13页Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica

基　　金：四川省科技厅重点攻关项目 ( 0 1NG0 2 9_1 9);四川省教育厅重点项目 ( 0 1LA0 6) ;雅安三九药业科技基金~~

摘　　要：为了从细胞学水平上探讨蕺菜Houttuyniacordata的遗传多样性 ,对四川和重庆地区 90份材料的根尖体细胞染色体数目以及花粉母细胞减数分裂情况进行了观察。结果表明 ,其染色体数目变化范围为 36- 1 2 6。其中 ,染色体数目 36、5 4、72和 1 2 6为首次报道 ,以染色体数目 81的出现频率最高。推测蕺菜染色体基数为 9。首次发现蕺菜在其花粉母细胞减数分裂二分体、四分体和花粉粒形成初期具核穿壁现象 ,其核物质转移可通过胞间连丝、接合孔和接合管进行。To have a better understanding of the genetic diversity of Houttuynia cordata at the cytological level, the chromosome number and meiosis of pollen mother cells of 90 accessions from China were observed. The species exhibits highly complex variation in chromosome number, with the number varying from 36 to 126, of which 36, 54, 72 and 126 are reported for the first time and the number 81 is the most frequent one. The basic number of this species, the only member of the monotypic genus Houttuynia, might be considered to be 9. Cytomixis was observed for the first time in the species during the diad, tetrad and microspore periods. The chromatin was found to transfer through plasmodesma, conjugation opening and conjugation tube.

关 键 词：蕺菜 染色体 数目变异 核穿壁 三白草科 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学] Q949.732.2