涠洲岛42年来海面温度变化及其对珊瑚礁的影响  

Latest forty two years' sea surface temperature change of Weizhou Island and its influence on coral reef ecosystem.

作　　者：余克服[1] 蒋明星 程志强[1] 陈特固[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所 [2]广西壮族自治区海洋局,南宁530022

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2004年第3期506-510,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家科技部重大基础研究前期研究专项 ( 2 0 0 2CCA0 2 70 0 );国家自然科学基金重点项目 ( 4 0 2 3 10 0 9);国家自然科学基金项目( 4 990 2 0 14 );广东省自然科学基金资助项目 ( 2 0 0 112 80 )

摘　　要：涠洲岛位于南海珊瑚礁分布的北缘 .温度是影响其珊瑚礁生态系统发育的重要因素 .对器测温度分析发现 ,近 4 2年来涠洲岛海面温度 (SST)与全球气候变暖呈准同步变化趋势 ,存在 3～ 4年与 7～ 8年的变化周期 ,2 0世纪 80年代后期以来 ,涠洲岛SST上升比较明显 .其月平均最高SST的持续上升将使本区珊瑚生长处于一种非常敏感的边缘 ,加上人类活动 (建筑取材、炼油、旅游、捕鱼、养殖等 )对涠洲岛珊瑚礁的潜在不利影响 ,则可能导致珊瑚礁的退化 .此外 ,在系统的野外调查基础上 。Weizhou Island (109°00′～109°15′E,21°00′～21°10′N) locates in the north coral reef distribution belt of the South China Sea.In such relatively high latitude area,sea surface temperature (SST) is an important factor affecting the development of coral reef ecosystem.Measurements of the latest 42 years' SST of Weizhou Island showed that with 3～4 years and 7～8 years fluctuating cycles,the SST almost had a synchronous increase with global warming,especially since the later 1980s.Overall,the coral reef of Weizhou Island could benefit from the SST warming,especially the cold months SST increase,because it's the north margin of tropical zone.But,the warming of the warmest month may be a thermal stress on the development of coral reef.It reaches the upper limits of coral reef development,and leads the coral reef bleaching.Mankind activities,including wide scale building,oil gas factory near the island,traveling,fishing and breeding,may be also the potential stresses on limiting the coral reef development.The combination of summer warming and mankind stress is possibly to destroy the coral reef ecosystem of Weizhou Island.Based on a detailed field investigation,the modern coral reef distribution map around Weizhou Island was described.

关 键 词：海面温度 人类活动 珊瑚礁 生态影响 涠洲岛 生态系统 气候变暖 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]