语言文化编码中的理据与任意  

Motivation and Arbitrariness in Linguistic Codification of Cultures

作　　者：张维鼎[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学外语学院,四川成都610064

出　　处：《外语教学》2003年第6期38-43,共6页Foreign Language Education

摘　　要：本文在讨论文化与语言的实质关系的基础上 ,探讨了语符的文化相对性以及语言对文化的两种编码方式——理据性编码和任意性编码。本文从拟声和语声象征主义的角度讨论了理据性编码的原生性和反映文化制约性的语符象似性。在分析任意性编码的基础上 ,本文讨论了语符任意性和理据性的辩证关系 ,并对理据与象似进行了区分 ,还从构形学和句法学角度讨论了任意性编码的特点和两种编码的辩证联系。本文认为 ,语言对文化的两种编码使外在文化现实转化为内在心理现实 ,并使语符具有抽象创新的任意性 ,文化制约的理据性和象似性。The paper tries to explore the linguistic motivational and arbitrary codifications of cultural reality and cultural relativity of language signs on the basis of the discussion about the relationship between culture and languages. The paper analyzes the onomatopoeia and phonetheme in the motivational codification as well as the iconicity of linguistic signs as the reflection of cultural confinement in linguistic codification. The paper also describes the dialectic relation between arbitrariness and iconicity in these two codifications: it is just these linguistic codifications that enable the cultural reality to be transformed into psychological reality in our mind ,namely,the linguistic utopia of signs with arbitrariness for abstract renovation and iconicity or motivation for cultural confinement.

关 键 词：象似性 语言编码 理据性 任意性 语符 语声象征 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]