护士职业压力与应对方式的相关性调查与对策  

Correlative Survey on Occupatlonal Pressure and the Way to Cope wath it by Nureses and it's Solution

作　　者：刘秋鸣[1] 郭华[1] 施莉琼[1] 王海燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海第二医科大学附属宝钢医院,上海201900

出　　处：《上海护理》2004年第2期10-12,共3页Shanghai Nursing

摘　　要：目的　探讨护士职业压力与应对方式的相关性及改善压力的有效途径。方法　对 1 4 9名护士进行职业压力与应对方式的问卷调查 ,并统计分析。结果　被试者个人成就感 (PA)分值比Maslach样本指数低 (P <0 0 0 1 ) ;积极应对方式与情绪枯竭 (EE)、去人格化倾向 (DP)呈负相关 ,与PA呈正相关 (P <0 0 1 ) ;消极应对方式与EE、DP呈正相关 (P <0 0 5) ;年龄、护龄、职称与消极应对方式呈正相关 (P <0 0 1 )。结论　护士的PA值低 ,职业压力会影响护士的身心健康 ;运用积极的应对策略 ,可缓解护士的身心耗竭状态 ;正确面对职业压力 ,减少负性情绪影响 。Objective To study the correlation of occupational pr essure and the way to cope with it by nurses and discuss about it's solution. Methods Questionnaire survey and statistical analysis about occupational pressure and the way to cope with it by 149 nurses were made. Results Personal accomplishment (PA) scores were lower th an stylebook index (P<0 001). Active coping was in negative correlation with Emotional Exhaustion (EE) and Depersonalization (DP) and in positive corr elation with PA (P<0 01). Passive coping was in positive correlation with EE and DP (P<0 05). Age, nursing history and rank were positively co rrelated with passive coping (P<0 01). Conclusion L ower personal accomplishment (PA) score and occupational pressure can influe nce mental and pbysical health of nurses. Active coping strategies ca n allev iate mental and physical stress with exhaustion. Facing occupational pressure co rrectly, in order to improve guality of nursing service, negative emotional effe cts must be reduced.

关 键 词：护士 职业压力 应对方式 相关性 调查 护理 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]