转Bt基因抗虫棉根际微生物区系和细菌生理群多样性的变化  

Changes in microbial flora and bacterial physiological group diversity in rhizosphere soil of transgenic Bt cotton

作　　者：沈法富[1] 韩秀兰[1] 范术丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018 [2]中国农业科学院棉花研究所,河南安阳455112

出　　处：《生态学报》2004年第3期432-437,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 30 2 70 2 4 6 );国家转基因植物研究与产业化专项资助项目 ( JY0 3- B- 0 5- 0 1 )~~

摘　　要：在大田栽培条件下 ,以转 Bt基因抗虫棉 GK-12和常规棉花泗棉 3号作为材料 ,在棉花不同发育时期 ,于 2 0 0 1和 2 0 0 2连续两年测定棉花根际土壤细菌、放线菌和真菌数量的变化 ,并在 2 0 0 2年棉花的花铃期和吐絮期对根际细菌生理群的数量和多样性进行了分析 ,结果表明 :虽然不同年份和生育期棉花根际微生物数量存在差异 ,但是 ,年度间和相同的发育时期棉花根际微生物的数量变化趋势一致。在棉花的苗期和吐絮期 ,转 Bt基因抗虫棉根际微生物的数量与对照差异不显著 ;在棉花的花铃期 ,转 Bt基因抗虫棉根际细菌的数量比对照增加 ,放线菌的数量差异不显著 ,而真菌的数量变化没有规律。在棉花发育的花铃期和吐絮期 ,Bt棉根际细菌生理群的总数量比常规棉增加 ,但是根际细菌生理群的 Simpson指数。The environment release of transgenic plants may be accompanied by ecological effects including changes in plant-associated with micro flora. Transgenic cotton containing gene to produce the insecticidal toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been widely planted. Most research on Bt cotton has focus on invasiveness, gene flow to indigenous organisms, development of resistance in target pests, and direct or indirect effects on non- target organisms and ecosystem. A few studies have been published to evaluate the ecological effects of Bt cotton on microbial flora. A field release of Bt cotton grown under normal agricultural practice was monitored for changes in total bacterial, actinomycetic and fungal populations in 2001 and 2002. Although there were difference in the colony-forming unites of culturable bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi of rhizosphere soil between Bt cotton and non-Bt cotton in different growing period and different years. The trend of annual differences was basically consistent at the same development stage of cotton. Few significant differences were observed and none of the differences were persistent in microbial population in rhizosphere soil between Bt cotton and non-Bt cotton at seedling and boll-opening stage. Total bacterial populations in rhizosphere soil of Bt cotton were significantly higher than that of non-Bt cotton at flower and boll stage. Total actinomycete populations in rhizosphere soil of Bt cotton differed minimally from that of non-Bt cotton at flower and boll stage. Total fungi populations in rhizosphere soil between Bt cotton and non-Bt cotton in 2001 were not consistent with that in 2002 at flower and boll stage. Total fungi populations in rhizosphere soil of Bt cotton were significantly higher than that of non-Bt cotton in 2001. On the contrary, total fungi populations in rhizosphere soil of Bt cotton were significantly lower in 2002. Diversity, composition and distribution of bacterial physiological groups in rhizosphere soil between Bt cotton and non-Bt cotton was

关 键 词：转BT基因抗虫棉 根际微生物 区系 细菌生理群 多样性 棉花 根际土壤 细菌 放线菌 真菌 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]