精神病住院病例45年抽样分析  

Sampling analysis of psychiatric in-patients during past 45 years

作　　者：朱锡熙[1] 宋志艳[1] 邵清水[1] 胡晨玲[1] 卢健[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市第七人民医院,310013

出　　处：《上海精神医学》2004年第1期31-35,共5页Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry

摘　　要：目的　对 4 5年来本院住院精神病病例的病种、分型、治疗措施和疗效等作一简要的回顾总结。方法　将自 195 4年 5月到 1999年 9月入院的病人 ,按首次入院日期每隔五年连续抽取 10 0份病例 ,扼要摘录有关内容进行登记、统计、分析。结果　男女病例数大致相仿。平均年龄 (31 9± 12 1)岁 ,平均住院日期 (6 2 1± 36 3)月 ,遗传史阳性率占 2 3 4 % ,精神分裂症占 5 4 % ,心境障碍占 13% ,癔症占 12 5 % ,电休克应用例数自 195 4年的 4 1 5 %降到 1999年的 2 % ,胰岛素治疗自 195 4年的 4 8%逐渐降低到 1989年 4 % ,1999年后为零。药物治疗西药自 5 7年的一种 (氯丙嗪 )增加到 1999年的 2 0余种。中药治疗经过 195 9年和 1970年的两个高潮 ,新针治疗自 196 9年至 1989年亦告结束。两者均无明显疗效。精神分裂症和心境障碍的显效率平均为 70 6 %和 90 8%。但均有评价过高之嫌。结论　根据我院的实践 ,传统的中药方剂、单味草药和“新针”治疗对主要精神病无明显疗效 ,195 9年后住院病人的疗效有明显的提高 ,愈来愈多的抗精神病药和取代了原有的胰岛素休克和电休克治疗。Objective: To make a brief review on categories, subtype, treatment measure and therapeutic effect of psychiatric inpatients in past 45 years. Methods: According to the date patients first hospitalized with a interval for five year, successively sampled 100 cases, noted their relative informations, were summed up and analysed. Results: The case′s number between male and femal are similar. The average age was 31.9±12.1, the average hospitalization days was 62.1±36.3. The positive rate of inheritance history was 23.4%. Among all subjects, schizophrenia accounted for 54% mood disorder 13%, hysteria 12.5%. The cases with E.C.T fell from 52% in 1954 to 2% in 1999. Insulin coma treatment changed from 52% in 1954 to 4% in 1989 and to zero in 1999. The anipsychotic drug changed from one kind in 1954 to more than 20 kinds in 1999. The treatment with Chinese traditional drug showed two peaks in 1959 and 1970. The period with the “new puncture treatment” was from 1969 to 1989. The significant effect rate of schizophrenia and mood disorder in average were 70.6% and 90.8%. But both might be overrated. Conclusion: On the basis of practive of our hospital, the traditional Chines medicine prescription, the single herb prescription and the “new paneture treatment” were no obvious effect on major psychosis. After 1959, the response rate of inpatients were obviously increased. More and more antipsychotic drug replaced the insulin coma treatment and ECT.

关 键 词：精神病 住院病例 病种 分型 治疗 治疗 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]