环栅条形障碍物对可燃气云爆炸影响的数值模拟与实验研究  

NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF INFLUENCE OF CIRCULAR GRATING OBSTACLE ON EXPLOSION OF FLAMMABLE VAPOR

作　　者：丁信伟[1] 杨国刚[1] 毕明树[1] 李生娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学化工学院 [2]上海理工大学

出　　处：《天然气工业》2004年第4期81-83,共3页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (No.5 0 0 76 0 0 6 );教育部博士研究生学科点专项基金 (No .2 0 0 10 4 10 2 6 )资助项目

摘　　要：可燃气体或低沸点可燃液体的事故性泄漏 ,会引发可燃气云爆炸事故。气体爆炸概率成为厂站、陆地及海上油气钻采平台设计中需要考虑的要素之一。为确保生产安全及对相关人员的有效保护 ,必须确定现场障碍物对爆炸的加强作用。为此 ,实验研究了内置半球栅条形障碍物半径、栅条宽度与空隙宽度 3个参数对可燃气云爆炸场的影响。基于流体力学控制方程组、PDR模型和Bakke Hjertager燃烧模型 ,通过修改方程源项 ,考虑障碍物对流动的附加作用及对燃烧速度的影响 ,建立了可燃气云爆炸的理论模型 ,并采用SIMPLE算法进行了数值求解。实验结果表明 ,该类型障碍物对可燃气云爆炸威力有较大的增强作用 ,最大超压可达无障碍物时的 10倍以上。计算结果与实验值相比较 ,最大相对偏差 17.9% ,平均相对偏差 6 .34%。Accident leakage of flammable vapor or flammable liquid with low boiling point may cause explosion of the flammable vapor. The explosion probability of the flammable vapor is one of the important factors that will be considered for the designs of factories, stations, and onshore or offshore drilling and recovering platforms. To ensure operation safety and people protection, the enhancing effect of the field obstacles on the explosion must be determined. So, the effects of radius, grating and spacing width of built-in hemispherical circular grating obstacle on the explosion field of flammable vapor were experimentally investigated. Based on the fluid mechanical governing equations, PDR model (Porosity/distributed resistance model) and improved Bakke-Hjertager combustion model, the theoretical models considering the additional influence of obstacle on flow and combustion velocity of flammable vapor explosion were established through modifying the source term in equations. The SIMPLE algorithm was adopted for numeral solution. The experimental results show that obstacle enhances the explosion power considerably, sometimes, its maximum overpresure can reach 10 times more than that without obstacles. Comparing the calculated results with the test data, the maximum and average relative deviations are 17.9%'and 6.34% respectively. The results showed in this paper are the major reference for forecasting gas cloud explosion.

关 键 词：障碍物 可燃气云爆炸事故 空隙宽度 流体力学 PDR模型 安全生产 正交实验 爆炸流场 

分 类 号：O643.2[理学—物理化学]