克氏原螯虾受精卵发育的温度因子数学模型分析  

Analysis on Temperature Factor in Hatching of Procambarus clarkii

作　　者：吕佳[1] 宋胜磊[1] 唐建清[2] 葛家春[2] 潘建林[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学生命科学院,南京210093 [2]江苏省淡水水产研究所,南京210017

出　　处：《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第2期226-231,共6页Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）

基　　金：江苏省科学技术厅"十五"攻关项目 (BE2 0 0 13 79)

摘　　要：设置不同的温度对克氏原螯虾受精卵进行了孵化试验 ,研究了克氏原螯虾胚胎发育速度与温度之间的关系 ,引用了王如松创立的数学模型 :V(T) =(k·T +c)·(1 -exp(- (T -TH) /rH) ) ;并以此模型求算了该种群受精卵发育的最适温度和最高临界温度分别为 30 .3℃和40 .3℃ ;利用莱奥姆法则 (Reaumur’sLaw)求得最低临界温度及平均临界温度分别为 4 .7℃和5.6℃ ;最低有效积温和平均有效积温分别为 731 (℃·d)和 765 (℃·d) ;还就最适温度、耐温上限比较了高能卵与均能卵在适温能力上的差异 。The hatching intervals of the fertilized eggs of Procambarus clarkii at different temperatures were tested.As expressed in Reaumur’s Law,we could get a simple relationship between the developmental rates and the temperatures as V=k·T+c,in which V was the developmental rate,and T the temperature.Yet this relationship broke with the rise of temperature.So the mathematical model by Wang Rusong was introduced as V(T)=(k·T+c)·(1-exp(-(T-T H )/r H )).In this way,the curve of the hatching velocity to the hatching temperature was worked out as V(T)=(1.7×10 -3 T-1.2×10 -2 )·(1-exp(-(T-40)/(-5.6))),with R=0.9622;and the curve of the hatching velocity of50%zygotes to the hatching tempera_ ture was V(T)=(1.9×10 -3 ·T-1.7×10 -2 )·(1-exp(-(T-40)/(-7.3))),with R=0.9383. Other parameters were calculated based on the tested data.The minimum and average thresholds of development(T min-0 ,T aver-0 ),together with the minimum and the average thermal constant(Q min ,Q aver )were worked out,respectively as T min-0 =4.7℃,T aver-0 =5.6℃,Q min =731℃·d,Q aver =765℃·d.We discussed the difference in the hatching ability of different groups of fertilized eggs at suitable and lethal temperatures respectively.The significance of these parameters in the aquatic breeding was also discussed.

关 键 词：克氏原螯虾 数学模型 孵化速率 受精卵 温度因子 莱奥姆法则 甲壳纲 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖] Q492.5[农业科学—水产科学]