虚拟思维在会话中的功能  

The Functions of Counterfactual Thoughts in Conversation

作　　者：蒋勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学,上海200433

出　　处：《外语学刊》2004年第3期16-23,共8页Foreign Language Research

摘　　要：虚拟思维是人们虚构假想世界时所进行的思维活动。艺术创造、科学研究和言语交际都离不开虚拟思维。本文探讨讲话人在会话中通过虚拟思维构建虚拟话语的认知策略。虚拟话语在会话中能够发挥多种语用功能 ,本文分析其以虚代实、传递梯级含义和言外之力、表达特别感受的语用功能。Counterfactual thoughts, which are indispensable in artistic imagination, scientific researches, and linguistic communication, are the mental manipulations with which people simulate the fictive world. This paper capitalizes on the insights from cognitive researches on counterfactual thoughts, and analyzes interlocutors' pragmatic strategies in employing counterfactual expressions via counterfactual thought. Counterfactual expressions serve a variety of pragmatic functions, of which four distinct types are identified, namely, indirectly referring to the embarrassing situations via counterfactual analogy, conveying scalar implicatures and illocutionary forces, and expressing ad hoc feelings.

关 键 词：虚拟思维 虚拟话语 以虚代实 梯级含义 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]