四川南充崖沙燕的洞巢生物学  

Burrow Nest Biology of Sand Martin in Nanchong, Sichuan

作　　者：周友兵[1] 张文广[1] 张璟霞[1] 张君[1] 胡锦矗[1] 余志伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学珍稀动植物研究所,四川南充637002

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2004年第2期66-69,共4页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：四川省陆生野生动物资源调查项目

摘　　要：20 0 3年 2～ 6月 ,通过观察法对崖沙燕福建亚种的洞巢进行了考察。崖沙燕巢多筑于水边沙质硬土悬壁的沙土与黄壤交错的沙土层 ,且主要选择在沙土顶部与黄壤交界的部位啄洞营巢 ,喜利用旧巢洞。巢洞呈椭圆形、坑道状 ,多单洞道 ,洞末端扩大成椭球形巢室 ,具巢的洞深 ( 64 3 8± 1 1 73 )cm(n =5 0 )。巢室内外温度差异大 ,而巢室内昼夜温度稳定。繁殖力高、体型大的个体占据中心区深洞繁殖 ,巢多呈半圆状。窝卵数 ( 3 89± 0 92 )枚 (n =3 6) ;多数巢内有一枚卵未孵出 ( 63 3 %) ,孵化率 83 0 4%。Burrow nest of Sand Martin ( Riparia riparia ) was studied in Nanchong, Sichuan Province,from February to June, 2003. The results show that they breed in the bank of rivers and lakes and prefer to use the old nest burrows. The density of nest is 23 77±3 29 nests/m 2 ( n =25). The nest burrow is like oblong tunnel in form. The caliber of burrow is 7 12±1 09?cm ( n =114) in flat and 5 18±0 83?cm ( n =114) in plumb. The room of nest is 8 97±0 44?cm ( n =50) in flat and 12 76±0 66?cm ( n =50) in plumb. The depth of burrow is 64 38±11 73?cm ( n =50). The inside temperature of burrow is steady and different from outside temperature. There are 3 89±0 92?cm ( n =36) eggs in a liller. The birthrate is 83 57%.

关 键 词：崖沙燕 洞巢 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]