新近纪以来的构造运动是中国气藏形成的重要因素  

Tectonic Movement Since the Neogene——a Significant Factorof the Formation of the Gas Reservoirs in China

作　　者：王庭斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《地质论评》2004年第1期33-42,共10页Geological Review

摘　　要：新近纪以来的构造运动是全球最新的地壳形变和造山运动的发展演化阶段。由于中国地处印度陆块、西伯利亚陆块与太平洋板块所围限的三角地带,是世界上新近纪以来构造运动比较活跃的地区,以及天然气极易散失,也难以保存的特点,因此,新近纪以来构造运动特征是研究中国气藏形成和保存不可忽视的重要地质因素。总结中国天然气的成藏历程,虽然各类盆地有所不同,但都有上新世以来构造运动的影响。上新世以来的构造运动对于中国天然气的成藏及分布有一定的破坏作用,促使一些盆地天然气受到了一定程度的散失,但总体上以促进成藏、聚集作用为主:① 在西部盆岭之间形成了一系列中国式的前陆型盆地,为形成大中型气田创造了有利条件。并控制了盆地本部气藏的最终定型。② 在中部的四川盆地形成了成排成带的背斜,是四川盆地气藏形成、定型的主要时期;鄂尔多斯盆地的整体快速隆升及进一步西倾,促进了从靖边至乌审旗气田群天然气的进一步聚集。③在东部,上新世末期的渤海运动为以渤中拗陷为主体的渤海海域晚期成藏创造了有利的地质条件;在其他盆地也促进了二次生烃及次生气藏的形成;并形成了一批无机成因的二氧化碳气田。④ 在近海海域,既促进了有机成因气藏的形成,也促进了无机成因非烃气藏以及无机与有机成因天然气的?The tectonic movement that occurred since the Neogene has been the major developmental and evolutional stage of the latest global crustal deformation and orogenic movement. Being located in a triangular area bounded by the Indian landmass, west Siberian landmass and Pacific plate, China has been characterized by relatively active tectonic movements since the Neogene, and natural gas will be very easy to dissipate, or difficult to be preserved. Therefore, the characteristics of the tectonic movements since the Neogene are considered as an unnegligible and important geological factor in the research of the formation and preservation of gas reservoirs in China. Through summarizing the generation processes of the gas fields in China one can see that although there are some differences in various basins, they are all affected by tectonic movements occurring since the Neogene. The tectonic movements since the Neogene have caused certain damages to the generation and distribution of natural gas in China, resulting in a certain dissipation of natural gas in some basins. As a whole, however, they are favorable for the generation of reservoirs and accumulation of natural gas. (1) A series of China-type foreland basins have been formed between basins and ridges in western China, where favorable conditions would be formed to the formation of large and medium gas fields, as well as controlling the finalization of gas reservoirs in the basins. (2) Rows and belts of anticlines have been formed in the Sichuan basin in central China, which was in the major stage of the generation and finalization of gas reservoirs in the Sichuan basin; the integral and quick rising and lifting, and further west dipping in the Ordos basin have resulted in a further accumulation of natural gas in the gas fields from Jingbian to Uxin B. (3 ) In eastern China, the Bohai movement that happened at the end of the Pliocene created a favorable geological condition to the lately formed gas reservoirs in the Bohai Sea area composed mainly of the Bozhong dep

关 键 词：第四纪 新近纪 构造运动 中国 天然气 成藏条件 气藏 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]