鱼类饲养对地下水中溶解态磷酸酶的影响  

EFFECTS OF FISH CULTURE ON DISSOLVED PHOSPHATASE IN GROUNDWATER

作　　者：曹秀云[1] 宋春雷[1] 彭亮[1] 李建秋[1] 周易勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2004年第3期310-316,共7页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCXI. SW 12 11 0 2 0 2 );国家重点基础研究发展计划;国家自然科学基金 (2 0 1770 3 3;3 9670 14 9;3 9170 165 );中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KSCXZ SW 10 2 )资助

摘　　要：比较了鱼类养殖前后 ,地下水中正磷酸盐 (o P)浓度、碱性磷酸酶活性 (APA)在不同大小颗粒之间的分布、溶解态APA对pH、温度、CuSO4、ZnSO4、EDTA 2Na与表面活性剂 (CTAB与TritonX 10 0 )的应答方式及其动力学特征。养鱼之后 ,玻璃缸水中碱性磷酸酶表现出明显较高的活性 ,且以溶解态为主要存在形式 ,这种效应与鱼类的品种有关 ,溶解态APA的最大反应速度 (Vmax)与米氏常数 (Km)均明显提高 ,最适温度与pH值以及对于Zn2 + 的应答方式亦发生明显改变 ,颗粒结合态APA甚微或不可监测 ,藻类极少 ,故非溶解态APA的主要贡献者。因此 ,鱼类饲养与溶解态APA之间具有密切联系。养鱼缸底颗粒的蒸馏水提取液与同缸水中的溶解态APA对pH值的应答方式十分接近 ,这一结果暗示养殖产生的固体废物是溶解态APA的来源之一。Extracellular phosphatase plays a crucial role in P cycling in aquatic ecosystem. Little attention has been paid on the occurrence of extraccllular phosphatase in groundwater. Furthermore, effects of aquaculture on extracellular phosphatase, especially dissolved alkaline phosphalase,were inadequately studied. The objectivc of this study was to investigate the influences of fish culture on dissolved alkaline phosphatase,including its origin. activity and kinetics,in freshwater. Water was taken from a well,as a control,and 10 different pools rearing a variety of fishes with the same well water in November and December 2001,as well as May 2003,for 5 times. Variables involved in pcycling,such as orthophosphate(o P)concentrations,size fractionation of alkaline phosphatase. responses of dissolved alkaline phosphatase activity (DAPA)to pH,temperature,CuSO 4,ZnSO 4,EDTA 2Na. as well as surfactants(CTAB and Triton X 100)and its kinetics,were deternlined. DAPA in groundwater. with and without fish rearing was inhibited by Cu 2+ 、CTAB with different concentrations and EDTA 2Na at higher concentration (2mmol/L). At the same time,it was enhanced by Triton X 100 with different concentrations. The sensitive responscs to the spec ificinhibitors provided further evidences that alkaline phosphatase occurred in groundwater. In the water of glass jars with fish culturing,DAPA increased significantly,and the extent of increase was depended on fish species cultured. In details,groundwater with Trichogoster trichopterus and Botia licontei rearing showed significantly higher DAPA than controls. Besides. DAPA was undctectable in the groundwater with Mastcembetus erythrotaenia,Aymphysodon acquifasciata,Monodactylus argentens, Apteronotus aslifrons, Acipenser sinensis Grtey.Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus rearing,but detectable in the water with Gichasoma synspolum,Botia licontei,Mylipharyngodon piceus Richardon,Ctenopharyngodon idellus Cuvier et Valenciennes,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Aristichthys nobilis

关 键 词：鱼类饲养 地下水 溶解态磷酸酶 固体废物 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X714