月令与秦汉政治再探讨——兼论月令源流  

Yue Ling(月令)and the Politics of the Qin and Han Dynasties: with a Discussion of its Origin

作　　者：杨振红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院历史研究所,副研究员100732

出　　处：《历史研究》2004年第3期17-38,共22页Historical Research

摘　　要：尹湾《集簿》“以春令”的内容体现的是西汉国家的春季救济政策 ,而非鼓励增殖户口的政策。西汉王朝施行的月令 ,一方面源自秦以来的法令制度和习俗 ,一方面则是根据传世月令和儒家经书结合现实而制定。通过出土秦汉律令与传世月令以及《管子》等书的比较研究 ,可发现《吕氏春秋·十二纪》来源于战国齐而非秦。《吕纪》成书时世上可能已流传有以“明堂”名义命名的月令书 ,它出自战国齐阴阳五行家邹衍一派 ,可能就是汉宣帝时丞相魏相所上《明堂月令》 ,它应当就是传世三种月令书的祖本。The“Yue Ling for Spring”recorded in Ji Bu(集簿)unearthed at Yinwan reflected government relief policies in the time of spring,rather than policies that encouraged childbirth,in the Western Han dynasty.The yue ling in the Western Han was based on laws and customs since the Qin on the one hand,and on traditional yue ling and Confucian canons on the other.Comparative studies on unearthed Qin and Han laws,traditional yue ling and canons such as Guan Zi reveal that the“Twelve Ji”in The Annals of Lü Buwei: Lü Shi Chun Qiu was first composed in the Qi of the Warring States period rather than the Qin dynasty.By the time the“Twelve Ji”was composed,yue ling may already have been popular under the name of ming tang明堂).This was a work by Zou Yan,the founder of the school of Yin Yang Wu Xing(阴阳五行).Ming Tang was very possibly the same as the Ming Tang Yue Ling(名堂月令)presented to Emperor Xuan of the Han dynasty by his premier Wei Xiang,and was probably the original version of the three popular versions of the traditional yue ling.

关 键 词：月令 秦汉时期 法律制度 农桑政策 封建礼制 

分 类 号：K232[历史地理—历史学]