用氨基氮-15同位素示踪原子法研究黑索今的生成反应机理  

NITROGEN-15 TRACER STUDIES OF THE MECHANISM OF FORMATION OF RDX

作　　者：方志杰[1] 陈驹[2] 王绍芳[2] 陈里[1] 李福平[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学 [2]西安近代化学研究所

出　　处：《兵工学报》1993年第3期45-49,共5页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：分别在改进的直接法,一段K-法和二段K-法中使用^(15)NH_4NO_3制得RDX(1,3,5-三硝基-1,3,5-三氮杂环巳烷,黑索今),并用MS(质谱)法分析了RDX中的^(15)N含量和RDX分子中^(15)N原子数目。结果表明,3种方法中^(15)N原子都不同程度地进入了RDX分子;在K-法硝解液中来源于HA(六次甲基四胺)和来源于AN(硝酸铵)的氨基氮在化学上不等价;在一段K-法中生成了4种含^(15)N原子数不同的RDX,证明生成RDX的中间体可能由不同链长的直链硝胺碎片组成;在直接法和K-法中由于反应条件不同,各种链长的硝胺碎片比例不同,但反应机理基本相似。^(15)NH_4NO_3 was used to prepare RDX by means of improved Hale process, one step-K process and two step-K process, the RDX formed was analyzed for the contents and the numbers of ^(15)N by mass spectrometry. The results showed that the contents and the numbers of ^(15)N in the RDX formed from the above three processes were different, and that the amino nitrogens from HA and NH_4NO_3 were not chemically equivalent in the K process. Four isomers of ^(15)N labelled RDX were formed in the one step K process which indicated that the intermediates forming RDX were composed of various kinds of open-chain methylenenitramines. Although the amounts of the various open-chain methylenenitramines were different, depending on the prevailing conditions, the open-chain methylenenitramines must have undergone the similar mechanism to form RDX in the Hale process and K process.

关 键 词：同位素 示踪原子法 质谱 黑索今 

分 类 号：TQ564.407[化学工程—炸药化工]