104例住院死亡病例临床分析  

Clinical Analysis of 104 Cases of Death in Hospital

作　　者：李保明 王婷 宋新海 万方 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省酒钢医院老年病科,甘肃 嘉峪关

出　　处：《临床医学进展》2019年第11期1295-1299,共5页Advances in Clinical Medicine

摘　　要：目的:对我院2018年104例住院死亡病例进行临床分析,以期总结死亡特征、汲取经验教训,寻求更为合理的疾病防控与诊疗方案,为临床医师提供建设性建议。方法:随即抽取我院2018年104例住院死亡病例进行统计分析,对死亡病人的年龄分布、性别特征、死亡疾病构成顺位及猝死病例的特点进行统计分析。结果:死亡前三位年龄段分别为60~79岁(55.77%),45~59岁(21.15%)、80岁以上(19.23%);冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、消化道肿瘤的发病率男性高于女性;死亡疾病构成顺位特点:排名前4位的疾病分别为恶性肿瘤、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病和消化系统疾病;恶性肿瘤的疾病系统分布特点:排名前四位者分别为肺癌、胃癌、肠癌和淋巴瘤;猝死原因前2位原因为心源性猝死(占46.2%),和肺栓塞(占30.8%)。结论:重视恶性肿瘤的早期诊断和早期治疗,弘扬健康的生活行为,减少恶性疾病发病的可控因素;中年患者应坚持规律的健康体检,以期早期发现亚健康或疾病状态,同时对已发现的多发疾病如高血压病、糖尿病、高尿酸血症等疾病要给与积极的干预及合理的治疗,以减少严重并发症的发生;冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、消化道肿瘤,慢性阻塞性肺疾病男性发病率更高,与男性中存在不健康生活行为人群更多以及生理因素、工作因素等有关;心源性猝死及肺栓塞为住院患者常见的猝死因素,临床医师对猝死风险较高的高危患者应当做到预见、告知、避免和救治,以期更好地管控医疗纠纷,保障医疗安全。Objective: To conduct a clinical analysis of 104 in‐hospital mortality cases in the hospital during 2018, aiming to summarize the characteristics of in‐hospital mortality, learn a lesson from relevant cases, consummate disease prevention and control, as well as diagnosis and treatment regimens, and provide constructive suggestions for clinical physicians. Methods: In this study, 104 patients were randomly selected from all in‐hospital mortality cases in 2018 to analyze their age and sex composition, identify the leading fatal diseases and summarize the characteristics of sudden death cases. Results: Patients at the age of 60 to 79 accounted for 55.77% of all in-hospital mortality cases, followed by those aged between 45 and 59 (21.15%) and over 80 (19.23%). The incidence of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CASHD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and gastrointestinal cancer in men was higher than that in women. Leading fatal diseases included malignancies, circulatory disease, respiratory disease, and digestive disease, with malignant tumors being the most life threatening among all these fatal diseases. In the inhospital mortality cases, lung cancer was the most common malignancy, followed by gastric cancer, intestinal cancer, and lymph cancer. Sudden death was mainly caused by sudden cardiac arrest (46.2%) and pulmonary embolism (30.8%). Conclusion: Early diagnosis, anticancer treatment, and a healthy lifestyle can effectively reduce controllable factors of the incidence of malignancies;middle-aged individuals should receive regular physical examinations to discover any signs of subhealth or diseases as early as possible;in case of any common diseases like hypertension, diabetes, and hyperuricemia, active intervention and appropriate treatment should be administrated to reduce the risk of severe complications. Male patients are more prone to CASHD, gastrointestinal cancer, and COPD, which is probably associated with their lifestyles, especially physiological and work-related factors. S

关 键 词：死亡病例 临床分析 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]