对自然认识观中形而上学实体化问题的批判  

An Examination and Critique of the Traditional View of Nature Based on Atomism

作　　者：陈逸舟 曹晋庭 张茜 

机构地区：[1]浙江越秀外国语学院网络传播学院,浙江 绍兴 [2]兵团日报,新疆 乌鲁木齐 [3]浙江越秀外国语学院数字贸易学院,浙江 绍兴

出　　处：《哲学进展》2023年第11期2268-2274,共7页Advances in Philosophy

摘　　要：在当代以自然科学主导的自然认识上,无论是牛顿的“微粒”还是爱因斯坦的“有限无边”,可以说都继承了原子论对自然世界的认识观点,力求一种如原子一般的“充实存在”组成的自然宇宙。但可以发现的是,从古希腊至于现今,作为承载“充实存在”的自然实在“虚空”,似乎一直都仅仅作为“充实存在”的背景板而没有被统合于对自然实在的一体认识之中。质是在形式中实现的质,一切自然实在都有于自然整体的形式,都同样有着实在的性质,可以说,这样以原子论为传统的自然认识观一直存在将“充实存在”为本质从而构成自然整体的形而上学的认识对象实体化的错误,这对于要求认识完整的自然实在的自然主义而言就必然有了消除形而上学实体化,以至于对包括“充实存在”和“虚空”的同归自然实在一体的需求。本文也将就这样的需求通过将“充实存在”与“虚空”都作为无限时空的自然整体的一部分而得有形式性质进行对自然认识观的一种重塑。In the contemporary understanding of nature dominated by natural science, whether it is Newton’s “particles” or Einstein’s “finite and boundless”, it can be said that they have inherited the atomist view of the natural world, and strive for a natural universe composed of atom-like “full-fledged existence”. However, it can be found that from ancient Greece to the present day, the “void” of natural reality, which carries “full existence”, seems to have been only used as a background plate for “full existence” and has not been integrated into the unified understanding of natural reality. It can be said that such an atomistic view of nature as the tradition has always had the error of materializing the metaphysical object of knowledge that takes “full existence” as the essence and thus constitutes the whole of nature, which for naturalism that requires the understanding of complete natural reality necessarily has the need to eliminate metaphysical materialization, so that there is a need for the unity of natural reality, including “full existence” and “void”. This article will also reshape the concept of nature by reshaping the formal nature of both “fullened existence” and “void” as part of the natural whole of infinite time and space.

关 键 词：自然主义 原子论 自然认识观 无限时空 由此达彼 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]