天然溴化:酶、底物和溴化机制  

Naturally Occurring Bromination: Enzymes, Substrates and the Underlying Mechanisms

作　　者：胡文达 郑哲麟 何亚文[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学生命科学技术学院,微生物代谢国家重点实验室,教育部代谢与发育科学国际合作联合实验室,上海

出　　处：《微生物前沿》2024年第2期100-118,共19页Advances in Microbiology

摘　　要：溴在自然界主要以可溶或不可溶的溴化物形式存在,溴化物在农业、化工、医药等领域具有广泛的应用潜力。动植物和微生物也可以利用溴化酶合成天然有机溴化物。随着越来越多的溴化酶被发现,溴化现象被认为是生物合成与代谢途径中的修饰策略之一。本文从以下五个方面综述了天然溴化研究领域的最新进展,包括:(1) 溴化物的分布;(2) 天然溴化物的生物学功能及其对生态环境的影响;(3) 天然溴化物的临床应用潜力;(4) 溴化酶的分类与作用机理;(5) 近期报道的溴化酶。最后,讨论了溴化酶研究领域未来急需解决的科学问题。Bromine is found in nature dispersed throughout Earth’s crust only in compounds as soluble and insoluble bromides. Bromides have application potentials in agriculture, chemical engineering, and medicine. Animals, plants and microorganisms can synthesize organobromine compounds via the brominases. With the discovery of more and more brominases, the naturally occurring bromination has been recognized as one of the modification strategies in organobromine biosynthesis and metabolism of all organisms. In this review, we summarized the latest findings in the area of naturally occurring bromination, including: (1) distribution of bromides;(2) biological functions of organobromine compounds and their ecological impacts;(3) clinical potential of organobromine compounds;(4) brominases and the underlying bromination mechanisms;(5) recently reported brominases. Finally, the future prospects and challenges in the area of naturally occurring bromination were discussed.

关 键 词：溴 天然有机溴化物 溴化酶 溴过氧化酶 黄素依赖型溴化酶 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]