前瞻记忆老化的影响因素及改善策略  

Aging-Related Changes in Prospective Memory: Its Influencing Factors and Intervention

作　　者：李旭 吴君杰 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学心理学院,湖北 武汉

出　　处：《心理学进展》2022年第1期317-325,共9页Advances in Psychology

摘　　要：前瞻记忆是指对未来时间和即将发生的事件的记忆,是老年人维持独立生活的关键预测要素。本文综述了前瞻记忆任务的研究情境(实验室或自然情境)、任务性质、认知负荷、情绪效价和任务重要性等五个因素对前瞻记忆年龄效应的影响,并回顾了策略导向、过程导向以及综合干预三类前瞻记忆干预训练在提升老年人前瞻记忆功能上的效果。未来研究可加强前瞻记忆神经机制方面的研究,探索前瞻记忆年龄效应的调节变量,关注认知功能缺损老年人的前瞻记忆功能及其加工机制。Prospective Memory (PM) refers to remembering to execute an intended action at some point in the future or in response to a specific event, which is considered a key factor that predicts the maintenance of independence in old age. This article provides an overview of the effects of re-search context (laboratory or naturalistic environment), type of tasks, cognitive load, emotional valence and task importance on PM performance in older adults. This review then discusses the efficacy of strategy-based, process-based, and combined PM trainings on improving PM among older adults. Future studies should investigate the neural mechanism underlying PM processing, identify moderator variables that can influence the magnitude or direction of age differences in PM performance, and examine PM function and its correlates among older adults with cognitive impairment.

关 键 词：前瞻记忆 年龄–前瞻记忆悖论 策略监控 自发检索 工作记忆 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]