基于叶绿体基因组变异位点的百合属(百合科)植物资源遗传多样性的分子鉴定新方法  

A Novel Method for Molecular Identification of Genetic Diversity of Plant Resources in Lilium L. (Liliaceae) Based on Taxon-Specific Variable Nucleotide Characters from Whole Chloroplast Genome Sequences

作　　者：刘美辰 刘一心 左云娟 靳晓白 杨志荣[6] 索志立[7] 

机构地区：[1]北京市食品检验研究院(北京市食品安全监控和风险评估中心),北京 [2]西北农林科技大学风景园林艺术学院,陕西 咸阳 [3]中国科学院东南亚生物多样性研究中心,云南 西双版纳 [4]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园综合保护中心,云南 西双版纳 [5]国家植物园,北京 [6]中国科学院植物研究所国家植物标本馆,北京 [7]中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室,北京

出　　处：《植物学研究》2024年第4期469-486,共18页Botanical Research

摘　　要：精准鉴定遗传多样性是植物资源利用和深入开展科学研究的基础。我们利用百合属7个种的叶绿体基因组序列中的物种特有的995个核苷酸变异位点作为分子性状编制分子鉴定检索表,供试样品得到成功鉴定。物种特有变异位点的数量和核苷酸构成存在种间差异。紫斑百合Lilium nepalense (791)的特有变异位点的数量最多,随后依次为台湾百合L. Formosanum (80)、竹叶百合L. Hansonii (47)、条叶百合L. callosum(28)、垂花百合L. Cernuum (21)、野百合L. brownii(19)和卷丹L. Lancifolium (9)。紫斑百合的特有变异位点中,A (27.05%)或T (32.24%)的比例明显高于C (19.97%)或G (20.73%)。台湾百合的特有变异位点中,A (26.25%)或T(31.25%)的比例也是多于C (22.50%)或G(20.00%)。竹叶百合的特有变异位点中,A的比例(42.55%)最高,是C (8.51%)的比例的5倍,是G(14.89%)的比例的2.8倍以上;T的比例(34.04%)是C(8.51%)的比例的4倍,是G(14.89%)的比例的2.2倍以上。条叶百合的特有变异位点中,A的比例(17.86%)低于T (25.00%)、C (28.57%)或G (28.57%)。垂花百合的特有变异位点中,T的比例(47.62%)为A (19.05%)、C (19.05%)或G (14.29%)的2倍以上。野百合的特有变异位点中,A的比例(47.62%)最高,是C (5.26%)的比例的约9倍,G (15.79%)或T (31.57%)的比例分别是C的比例的约3倍和6倍。卷丹的特有变异位点中,C的比例(44.44%)为G的比例(11.11%)的约4倍。结果显示,叶绿体基因组的单核苷酸变异位点信息,可用于百合属植物资源遗传多样性的分子鉴定。调查了中国过去120多年来百合属植物标本的收集现状,讨论了存在的问题与对策。本研究对于百合属植物的分类修订、种质资源的保护和利用具有重要价值。Accurate identification of genetic diversity is essential for utilization of plant resources and further scientific researches. In this paper, 995 taxon-specific variable nucleotide characters in the complete chloroplast genome of 7 species from the genus Lilium L. were used as molecular traits to identify the genetic resources of this plant genus and to compile a molecular classification key for the first time. There are differences in aspects of amount and base composition of variable nucleotide characters among the species. The amount of taxon-specific variable nucleotide characters in Lilium nepalense (791) is the highest, followed by L. formosanum (80), L. hansonii (47), L. callosum (28), L. cernuum (21), L. brownii (19) and L. lancifolium (9). The proportion of A (27.05%) or T (32.24%) is higher than that of C (19.97%) or G (20.73%) in Lilium nepalense. The proportion of A (26.25%) or T (31.25%) is also higher than that of C (22.50%) or G (20.00%) in L. formosanum. In L. hansonii, the highest proportion of A (42.55%) is 5 times that of C (8.51%) and above 2.8 times that of G (14.89%);the proportion of T (34.04%) is 4 times that of C, and more than 2.2 times that of G. The proportion of A (17.86%) is lower than that of T (25.00%), C (28.57%) or G (28.57%) in L. callosum. The proportion of T (47.62%) is more than 2 times that of A (19.05%) , C (19.05%) or G (14.29%) in L. cernuum. The highest proportion of A (47.62%) is 9 times the lowest value of C (5.26%), and the proportion of G (15.79%) or T (31.57%) is about 3 times or 6 times that of C in L. brownii. The proportion of C (44.44%) is about 4 times that of G (11.11%) in L. lancifolium. Our results indicated that taxon-specific variable nucleotide characters from the chloroplast genomes could be used for distinguishing different species successfully in the genus Lilium. The status of Lilium plant specimens collected in the past over 120 years in China is investigated and problems and possible strategies are discussed. This study is valuable for taxonomic re

关 键 词：百合科 百合属 植物资源 叶绿体基因组 核苷酸变异位点 分子鉴定 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]