面向仪器类专业的物理基础教学改革创新研究  

Research on Innovation and Reform in Physics Basic Teaching for Instrument Science and Engineering Majors

作　　者：张学智[1] 冯鸣[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院,天津 [2]南开大学物理科学学院,天津

出　　处：《创新教育研究》2024年第5期417-422,共6页Creative Education Studies

摘　　要：科学仪器,作为科技发展的显著标志,与物理现象的发现及科技的进步紧密相连,形成了一种相互推动、协同发展的良性循环。然而,当前物理教学中存在的一些问题却在一定程度上阻碍了这一进程。具体而言,教学内容往往缺乏对物理现象从仪器开发角度的深入分析,缺乏多学科交叉视野的培养,以及对仪器开发案例的充分挖掘。这些问题不仅制约了仪器类学科的发展,也限制了仪器科学人才的培养水平。针对这些问题,本文结合在仪器类专业中的物理教学实践,提出将科学仪器的工作原理、仪器设计科研方法论以及学科交叉等融入教学内容,大力发掘从物理规律到科学仪器的典型案例,通过具体实例来帮助学生理解物理原理与仪器开发之间的紧密联系。这些措施在传统物理教学的基础上,可以有效帮助学生全面掌握物理知识,并将理论知识应用于仪器开发实践。通过这样的教学改革,我们相信能够培养出更多优秀的仪器科学人才,为推动科学技术的不断前进做出更大的贡献。Scientific instruments, as a prominent symbol of technological development, are closely connected with the discovery of physical phenomena and scientific progress, forming a virtuous cycle of mutual promotion and coordinated development. However, certain issues in current physics education have, to a certain extent, hindered this process. Specifically, teaching content often lacks a thorough analysis of physical phenomena from the perspective of instrument development, lacks the cultivation of a multidisciplinary perspective, and lacks sufficient exploration of instrument development cases. These issues not only restrict the development of instrument-related disciplines but also limit the level of training for instrument science talents. In response to these issues, this article, combined with the practice of physics teaching in instrument-related majors, proposes to integrate the working principles of scientific instruments, research methodologies for instrument design, and interdisciplinary knowledge into the teaching content. It also strongly advocates the excavation of typical cases that demonstrate the transition from physical laws to scientific instruments, using specific examples to help students understand the close connection between physical principles and instrument development. These measures, based on traditional physics teaching, can effectively help students comprehensively grasp physics knowledge and apply theoretical knowledge to the practice of instrument development. Through such teaching reforms, we believe that we can cultivate more outstanding instrument science talents and make greater contributions to the continuous advancement of science and technology.

关 键 词：物理基础 科学仪器 科学方法论 多学科交叉 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]