氮添加对早春植物生长的影响研究进展  

Effect of Nitrogen Addition on Plant Growth in Early Spring: A Review

作　　者：王辉[1] 王庆贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨

出　　处：《世界生态学》2021年第3期404-414,共11页International Journal of Ecology

摘　　要：早春植物作为陆地生态系统中一个特殊的生态层,能有效利用早春融化的雪水和少量雨水并迅速地完成生命活动周期,在陆地生态系统的物质循环、能量流动等方面发挥着重要的作用。随着全球氮沉降的加剧,含氮化合物的排放量随着人口增长和城市化水平的提高而不断增加,进而影响了早春植物的生长发育,但其固有的生长发育机制还不清楚。同时,又因早春植物所处特殊的生态位,营养循环的变化很可能对陆地生态系统的稳定与发展产生巨大的影响。为深入了解早春植物内在生长发育机制,本文综述了国内外有关早春植物不同生理指标对氮素添加影响的研究成果,详细分析了氮添加对早春植物的植物光合作用、地上/地下形态、地上/地下部生物量、地上/地下生态化学计量等指标的影响。在今后的研究中,要注重构建适应全球气候变化的标准框架体系,这对充分认识早春植物在全球环境变化中的功能性状反应与适应策略具有重要意义。As a special ecological layer in the terrestrial ecosystem, early spring plants can utilize the melting snow and a small amount of rain water in early spring effectively and complete the life cycle rapidly. It played an important role in the material cycle and energy flow of the terrestrial ecosystem. With the intensification of global nitrogen deposition, the emissions of nitrogenous compounds continued to increase with the growth of population and the improvement of the level of urbanization, which affected the growth and development of plants in early spring, but its inherent growth and development mechanism was not clear. At the same time, because of the special niche of plants in early spring, the change of nutrient cycle was likely to have a great impact on the stability and development of terrestrial ecosystem. In order to understand the internal growth and development mechanism of early spring plants deeply, the effects of different physiological indexes of early spring plants on nitrogen addition were reviewed in this paper. The effects of nitrogen addition on plant photosynthesis, aboveground/underground morphology, aboveground/ underground biomass and aboveground/underground ecological stoichiometry of early spring plants were analyzed in detail. In the future research, we should pay attention to the construction of a standard framework for adapting to global climate change, which was of great significance for fully understanding the functional character responses and adaptation strategies of early spring plants in global environmental change.

关 键 词：氮添加 早春 植物生长 生物量 生态化学计量 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]