超声监测视神经鞘直径预防颅内压增高在围术期的应用进展  

Clinical Advances in Perioperative Prevention of Increased Intracranial Pressure by Ultrasound Monitoring of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter

作　　者：冷琳 李富贵[2] 

机构地区：[1]青海大学研究生院,青海 西宁 [2]青海省人民医院麻醉科,青海 西宁

出　　处：《临床个性化医学》2024年第2期418-424,共7页Journal of Clinical Personalized Medicine

摘　　要：颅内压升高会导致脑灌注压下降、甚至脑缺血、脑疝等严重并发症,因此加强围术期颅内压的监测十分必要。由于有创ICP监测的潜在风险,以及CT、MRI床旁连续使用的限制,更多研究者将目光转向超声测量视神经鞘直径预测颅内压增高来证明其有效性和实用性。研究表明超声测量球后3 mm处的视神经鞘直径(optic nerve sheath diameter, ONSD)可以作为临床上无创评估颅内压的可靠替代工具。通过近年来的研究成果,总结围术期超声监测ONSD对评估ICP的指导意义。Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) can lead to serious complications such as decreased cerebral perfusion pressure, and even cerebral ischaemia and cerebral herniation, so enhanced perioperative monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP) is essential. Due to the potential risks of invasive ICP monitoring and the limitations of continuous use of CT and MRI at the bedside, more researchers have turned to ultrasound to measure the optic nerve sheath diameter to predict increased intracranial pressure to demonstrate its validity and usefulness. Studies have shown that ultrasound measurement of ONSD at 3 mm behind the globe can be a reliable alternative tool for non-invasive assessment of intracranial pressure in clinical practice. The results of recent studies are summarised in terms of the significance of perioperative ultrasound monitoring of the ONSD as a guide to the assessment of ICP.

关 键 词：视神经鞘直径 超声 围术期 颅内压 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]