具有给体–受体结构的有机小分子光敏剂在肿瘤光治疗中的应用进展  

The Application Progress of Organic Small Molecule Photosensitizers with Donor-Receptor Structure in Tumor Phototherapy

作　　者：夏嘉辰 卢冰 

机构地区：[1]南通大学化学化工学院,江苏 南通

出　　处：《有机化学研究》2024年第4期537-548,共12页Journal of Organic Chemistry Research

摘　　要：肿瘤光治疗以光热治疗和光动力治疗为主,因其耐药性小、侵袭性低、可控性好等优点而受到越来越多的关注。光敏剂在这些过程中起着关键作用,在激光照射下,肿瘤细胞可被光敏剂产生的高热或活性氧杀死。与无机光敏剂和共轭聚合物光敏剂相比,有机小分子光敏剂具有良好的生物相容性、低毒性、高重现性和易于分子修饰等优点。其中具有电子给受体骨架的有机共轭小分子光敏剂的发展势头强劲。越来越多的这类型光敏剂被设计用于光热、光动力或其他协同治疗。本文总结了具有给体–受体结构的有机小分子光敏剂的不同共轭骨架的设计策略,并对其在肿瘤光疗中的应用进行了总结。Tumor phototherapies including mainly photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) have drawn increasing attention due to their various merits of minimal drug resistance, low invasiveness and good spatial-temporal controllability. Photosensitizers play a key role in these processes. Under laser irradiation, tumor cells can be killed by hyperpyrexia or reactive oxygen species produced by photosensitizers. Compared with inorganic photosensitizers and conjugated polymer photosensitizers, organic small molecule photosensitizers exhibit many valuable advantages, such as excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity, high reproducibility and facile molecular tailoring. Among them, the development of organic conjugated small-molecule photosensitizers that contain electron donor-acceptor backbones has maintained strong momentum. More and more such type photosensitizers have been designed for PTT, PDT or their synergistic phototherapy. In this review, we highlight the design strategy adopted for diverse conjugated backbones in D-A structured organic conjugated small molecule photosensitizers and give a comprehensive summary of their applications in tumor phototherapy.

关 键 词：小分子光敏剂 肿瘤 光热治疗 光动力治疗 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]