口译经验与执行控制的互动效应述评  

Review and Commentary on the Interactive Effects of Interpreting Experience and Executive Control

作　　者：胡敏霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学外国语学院,四川 成都

出　　处：《现代语言学》2021年第2期283-292,共10页Modern Linguistics

摘　　要：执行控制包括抑制、转换、更新等心理功能,对口译信息加工和认知精力分配具有重要调节作用。通过梳理口译经验与执行控制双向效应的相关实证研究,本研究发现了口译经验对于译员的执行功能有总体提升作用,而译员的执行控制也对口译水平有显著预测效应。但是前期结论存在一定程度的不一致性,主要原因包括人口背景、二语经验和口译经验等因素造成的组内异质性、实验任务的多样性以及口译经验与实验任务的不匹配性。因此未来研究在加强研究设计的同时应关注影响译员认知优势出现的关键调节变量。鉴于口译经验中大量的语言、加工和社会语境控制需求,持续推进该研究范式不仅会对心理语言学和认知语言学做出积极贡献,而且有助于厘清口译经验与执行控制互动关系的本质。Executive control (EC) includes the psychological functions of inhibition, shift and updating, among others. EC plays an important role in regulating information processing and cognitive ef-fort allocation in language interpreting. By combing through relevant empirical research on the interactive effects of interpreting experience and executive control, this review found that in-terpreting experience has an overall positive effect on the interpreter’s executive functions, and the interpreter’s executive control also significantly predicts interpreting proficiency or per-formance. However, inconsistency in previous findings also exists, mainly due to the hetero-geneity of the demographic background, second language experience and interpreting expe-rience in the interpreter group, the diversity of experimental tasks and indicators used, and the mismatch between interpreting experience and experimental tasks. Therefore, while strengthening research design, future attempts should pay attention to these key moderating variables that affect the appearance of translators’ cognitive advantages. In view of the intensive language, processing and social contextual control needed in language interpretation, the continued advancement of this research paradigm will not only make positive contributions to psycholinguistics and cognitive linguistics, but also help clarify the true nature of the interaction between interpreting and executive control.

关 键 词：口译经验 执行控制 互动效应 调节因素 

分 类 号：H31[语言文字—英语]